Conjugated linoleic acid evokes de‐lipidation through the regulation of genes controlling lipid metabolism in adipose and liver tissue

House, Ralph L.; Cassady, J. P.; Eisen, E. J.; McIntosh, M. K.; Odle, Jack

doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2005.00198.x

Cited by 108 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…However, it is thought that CLA modulates energy expenditure, apoptosis, fatty acid oxidation, lipolysis and lipogenesis (99) . As discussed in the previous section, the t10,c12-CLA isomer is thought to exert effects on body composition, partly due to a reduction in lipid uptake by adipocytes due to effects of CLA on stearoylCoA desaturase and lipoprotein lipase activity (4) .…”

Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acid Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human health effects of conjugated linoleic acid from milk and supplements

et al. 2011

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The primary purpose of the present review was to determine if the scientific evidence available for potential human health benefits of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is sufficient to support health claims on foods based on milk naturally enriched with cis-9, trans-11-CLA (c9,t11-CLA). A search of the scientific literature was conducted and showed that almost all the promising research results that have emerged in relation to cancer, heart health, obesity, diabetes and bone health have been in animal models or in vitro. Most human intervention studies have utilised synthetic CLA supplements, usually a 50:50 blend of c9,t11-CLA and trans-10, cis-12-CLA (t10,c12-CLA). Of these studies, the only evidence that is broadly consistent is an effect on body fat and weight reduction. A previous review of the relevant studies found that 3.2 g CLA/d resulted in a modest body fat loss in human subjects of about 0.09 kg/week, but this effect was attributed to the t10,c12-CLA isomer. There is no evidence of a consistent benefit of c9,t11-CLA on any health conditions; and in fact both synthetic isomers, particularly t10,c12-CLA, have been suspected of having pro-diabetic effects in individuals who are already at risk of developing diabetes. Four published intervention studies using naturally enriched CLA products were identified; however, the results were inconclusive. This may be partly due to the differences in the concentration of CLA administered in animal and human studies. In conclusion, further substantiation of the scientific evidence relating to CLA and human health benefits are required before health claims can be confirmed.

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Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acid Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human health effects of conjugated linoleic acid from milk and supplements

et al. 2011

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“…The results suggest that CLA induces a decrease in adipose tissue through modulation of the energetic expenditure, apoptosis mechanisms, oxidation process of fatty acids, lipolysis, cellular differentiation, and lipogenesis (House et al 2005). In vitro models (Lee et al 1998) demonstrated that CLA promotes modifications in the membrane of the adipose tissue, altering the gene expression of the adipocyte, leading to the decrease in the concentration and consequently to the activity of the delta-9 desaturase enzyme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Conjugated linoleic acid isomers modulate protein expression profile in rat hepatocytes

et al. 2012

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid, which has been recently proven to be effective in reducing body fat mass, but brings as a side effect, the liver enlargement due to an increased lipid content. The in vivo lipogenic activity has been suggested to be due to the reduction in fat mass and to the consequent metabolism of blood glucose to fatty acid in the liver rather than in the adipose tissue. We investigated the ability of CLA to directly induce steatosis by modulating the expression pattern of hepatic proteins involved in lipid metabolism. To avoid interferences derived from CLA metabolism by other tissues, we used the in vitro model of freshly isolated rat hepatocytes incubated in the presence of different CLA isomers. The direct effect of CLA on lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was demonstrated by the altered expression pattern of several proteins involved in lipid metabolism, as assessed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and confirmed by Western blotting analysis. The CLA isomer c9,t11 was most effective in modulating the protein expression profile.

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“…The main isomers of CLA are cis-9, trans-11(c9t11) and trans-10, cis-12 (t10c12; Figure 4). Though the main isomer produced by ruminants is c9t11, commercially available products commonly contain equal proportions of c9t11 and t10c12 [46,47]. Research in rodents, pigs, and humans has been conducted on the effects of CLA and has shown beneficial effects of CLA against obesity, cancer, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, some of which are isomer specific [46,47,48].…”

Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because CLA and its precursor, trans vaccenic acid, are naturally produced during bacterial fermentation in the rumen of ruminant animals, the main sources of CLA in human nutrition are ruminant milk and meats [46,47]. The main isomers of CLA are cis-9, trans-11(c9t11) and trans-10, cis-12 (t10c12; Figure 4).…”

Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%