Conjugated linoleic acid as a potential bioactive molecule to modulates gamete and embryo cryotolerance

Abstract

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a mixture of positional isomers of linoleic acid found in meat and dairy products from ruminants. It is a trans fat widely used by athletes as a food supplement, due to a supposed effect of maximizing the use of body fat reserves. The interest in diet and culture media supplementation with CLA is an emerging area, demanding studies in order to elucidate its benefits in the reproductive parameters, as well as in cryopreservation. Therefore, the aim of this review was to discuss the effects of CLA on the oocytes, sperm and embryos cryotolerance. Some studies have already demonstrated its use in cryopreservation of germline. Among those, it was observed that CLA supplementation during oocyte in vitro maturation can increase their viability post-freezing and developmental capacity. Regarding the use of CLA on sperm, there are few studies and their results are still inconclusive. Finally, studies about CLA supplementation on embryo culture media have shown promising results, indicating that this bioactive molecule is able to modulate lipid uptake on blastomeres. Altogether, these findings demonstrate the potential use of CLA as a bioactive molecule to improve germline and embryo cryotolerance and open new perspectives on human and animal reproduction field.

Cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid gastric administration during the pregestational and gestational periods does not influence the follicular endowment of the progeny

“…Studies carried out in rodents demonstrated the nutritional effects on GnRH production and secretion, which can affect female puberty ( Iwasa et al, 2011 ). CLA supplementation has demonstrated some beneficial effects, such as the regulation of adipogenesis and myogenesis and alteration of body composition ( Poulos et al, 2001 ), as well as immunological, cardiovascular and anticarcinogenic activities ( Basak and Duttaroy, 2020 ; Freitas et al , 2020 ). However, few studies have evaluated the reproductive parameters of the offspring of CLA-treated females ( Yi et al, 2012 ).…”

“…These isomers can be synthesized in the rumen, adipose tissue and ruminant mammary gland, a process known as endogenous synthesis. CLA is widely used as a food supplement, due to its ability to maximize the use of body fat reserves, reduce carcinogenesis, exert an obesity effect, and alter the lipid composition of bovine milk ( Freitas et al, 2020 ). The supplementation of diets and culture media with CLA is an emerging area of research, and studies are needed to elucidate its beneficial effects on reproductive parameters.…”

Gastric administration of Cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic during the pregestational and gestational periods does not influence the follicular endowment of the progeny

“…CLA supplementation has demonstrated some beneficial effects, such as the regulation of adipogenesis and myogenesis and alteration of body composition [21], as well as immunological, cardiovascular and anticarcinogenic activities [22,10]. However, few studies have evaluated the reproductive parameters of the offspring of CLA-treated females [13].…”

“…These isomers can be synthesized in the rumen, adipose tissue and ruminant mammary gland, a process known as endogenous synthesis. CLA is widely used as a food supplement, due to its ability to maximize the use of body fat reserves, reduce carcinogenesis, exert an obesity effect, and alter the lipid composition of bovine milk [10]. The supplementation of diets and culture media with CLA is an emerging area of research, and studies are needed to elucidate its beneficial effects on reproductive parameters.…”

Characterization and cytotoxity analysis of acuthy chestnut (Couepia edulis Prance) for use in herbal therapy

“…Mesmo possuindo funções biológicas necessárias a nível celular e tecidual, essa classe de compostos pode aumentar o índice de colesterol LDL e desregular o metabolismo corporal, ocasionando doenças coronárias e aterosclerose, quando ingeridos em excesso(CARTA et al, 2017;XU et al, 2019). O ácido linoleico localiza-se na terceira maior concentração, com 14%, por ser um ácido graxo poli-insaturado melhora a resposta imunológica e reduz a obesidade(FREITAS et al, 2020). Juntamente com o ácido linolênico (ômega 3), causa a diminuição da pressão arterial, triglicerídeos e colesterol.…”