Congenitally fused labiae vulva in a heifer

A case report of spontaneous opening of congenitally fused labia in a female common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) followed by pregnancy and birth of twins

“…This phenotype has also been reported in other species [1, 8, 9, 13], but there is no information as to the frequencies or etiologies. CFL in adult C. jacchus was first reported by Isachenko et al.…”

Surgical Correction of Congenitally Fused Vulva Labia in A Cross Bred Heifer

“…Congenitally fused labia syndrome is a rare occurrence in the animals and can be defined as a variable occlusion of the labia majora by connective tissue (Wedi et al, 2011). This syndrome was described in heifers by Oettle and Coubrough (1985), Balasubramanian et al, (1991) and recently by Tiwary et al, (2016). In the present case report, successful correction of congenitally fused labia was done and conception after artificial insemination in a crossbred cow was witnessed.…”