Congenital sternal foramen in a stillborn Holstein calf

Azizi, Shahrzad; Bakhtiary, Mohsen Khosravi; Goodarzi, M.

doi:10.1016/s2221-1691(11)60196-2

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This anatomical anomaly originates from incomplete sternal development while the bone is still cartilaginous [ 1 , 13 ]. Two mesenchymal structures, the sternal bars, which appear during the sixth week of fetal life, fuse at the midline in a cranial-to-caudal fashion by the tenth week and ossify at multiple points, forming transverse bony segments called sternebrae during the fifth to sixth month of gestation [ 3 , 5 - 6 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 15 ]. The fusion of the sternebrae starts at the fourth to sixth postnatal year and is completed by adolescence or early adulthood, i.e., 25 years of age [ 6 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Sternal Foramina and its Clinical Significance

Choi

Iwanaga

Tubbs

2017

Cureus

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A sternal foramen (SF), which arises from the incomplete fusion of the cartilaginous neonatal sternum, is a relatively common anatomical variation found in 2.5% to 13.8 % of all individuals. SFs are usually located at the lower third of the sternal body and their average diameter is 6.5 mm. An SF is subclinical; however, its close proximity to the thoracic organs, i.e., the heart and lungs, entails a risk of serious complications from blinded sternal interventions. Moreover, its presence can lead to misinterpretation of radiological and postmortem findings. The SF is ignored by many physicians and non-physician healthcare providers who must understand its clinical significance in order to optimize patient care. Our aim in this review is to highlight the potential clinical consequences for SF patients, discuss recommendations for performing sternal procedures safely when this anatomical variation is present, and preclude radiological and pathological misinterpretations so that patient care can be improved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Sternal Foramina and its Clinical Significance

Choi

Iwanaga

Tubbs

2017

Cureus

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“…Fatal cardiac tamponade resulting from a congenital sternal foramen located in the inferior part of the sternum and low thickness of sternal body was seen during the sternal puncture 15 . Foramina in sternum were misinterpreted as acquired lesions, like gunshot wounds 20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported developmental anomalies of sternum included branched xiphoid process, Vshaped bifurcation, sternum bifidum, synchrondrosis sternii(incomplete ossification of sternum), anomalies in the shape of the sternum(wedge-shaped or asymmetrical bone), sternum gallinaceam and sternal foramen 15 . Sternal foramen associated with accessory fissures on left lung were reported by using high-resolution computed tomography 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variations in the Human Sterna

L¹,

Gurunathan²,

Kadlimatti³

2013

jemds

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AIM:To study the various sternal variations and anomalies in a randomly collected set of 86 dry sterna. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 86 randomly collected dry sternal bones in the Department of Anatomy,Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka were analysed for variations and anomalies. The observations were documented. RESULTS: Sternal variations such as sternal foramen, xiphoid foramen, bifid xiphoid process, broad and thin xiphoid process and elongated xiphoid process were observed. CONCLUSION: Sternal variations are not uncommon. A sound knowledge of sternal variations and anomalies is very important for medical practitioners, radiologists and acupuncturists.

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“…Many factors, such as chemical teratogens, genetic or chromosomal abnormalities, environmental radiation and infectious agents, play a role in the development of congenital defects in calves [3,14] . The conceptus may encounter harmful factors at different developmental stages such as the preimplantation, embryonic or foetal stages [3] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopia Cordis Cervicalis and Its Surgical Treatment in A Holstein Calf

Özer¹,

Aydin²,

Güzel³

et al. 2014

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by partial or complete displacement of the heart, outside the thoracic cavity. Ectopia cordis is usually associated with other multiple anomalies and intra-cardiac defects due to developmental problems in the ventral body wall. In this report, a 6 day-old, 55 kg male Holstein calf with a case of ectopia cordis cervicalis and its surgical treatment has been presented. Following examinations (clinical, haematological, ECG, x-ray, USG and CT) a single staged surgery was performed to correct localisation of the heart in the thoracic cavity. The case was followed up 10 days postoperatively. However, the calf died at the end of post-operative day 10 due to septic shock. Keywords: Calf, Ectopia cordis cervicalis, Congenital abnormality Holstein Irkı Bir Buzağıda Ectopia Cordis Cervicalis Olgusu ve Operatif Sağaltımı ÖzetEctopia Cordis, kalbin göğüs kafesi dışında, parsiyal ya da tam olarak anormal yerleşimiyle karakterize, seyrek rastlanan kongenital bir anomalidir. Ectopia cordis, ventral karın duvarının gelişimindeki problemlere bağlı olarak genellikle intrakardiyak defektlerle ya da diğer çoklu anomalilerle ilişkili olabilir. Bu makalede, 6 günlük, erkek, 55 kg ağırlığında, Holstein bir buzağıda görülen ectopia cordis cervicalis olgusu ve operatif sağaltımı anlatılmaktadır. Yapılan muayeneler (klinik, hematolojik, EKG, radyografik, ultrasonografik, BT) sonucunda hastaya, kalbin göğüs kafesi içine alınmasına yönelik olarak tek seansta, cerrahi sağaltımda bulunuldu. Hastanın, 10 gün süreyle postoperatif takibi yapıldı fakat buzağı 10. günün sonunda septik şok nedeniyle öldü.

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Congenital sternal foramen in a stillborn Holstein calf

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

A Comprehensive Review of the Sternal Foramina and its Clinical Significance

A Comprehensive Review of the Sternal Foramina and its Clinical Significance

Variations in the Human Sterna

Ectopia Cordis Cervicalis and Its Surgical Treatment in A Holstein Calf

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