Congenital Scoliosis and Urinary Tract Abnormalities

A case of Klippel–Feil syndrome with congenital enlarged Eustachian tube

“…Major renal anomalies (hydronephrosis of a kidney and a horseshoe kidney) were detected in 10 patients. For patients with Klippel-Feil syndrome, ultrasound scanning now serves as the initial test to determine whether both of an individual's kidneys are functioning [20]. Ultrasound examination of the urinary tract in our patient confirmed renal anomalies (agenesis of the right kidney and double left kidney).…”

Goldenhar-Associated Conditions (hemifacial microsomia) and Congenital Deformities of the Spine

“…Abnormalities of the genitourinary system occurred in only 1 of our patients, which is less than the reported incidence of up to 25% in patients with congenital scoliosis alone. 41,42 Spinal surgery is frequently necessary for patients with congenital deformities of the spine. This surgery is best performed at an early stage with the object of balancing the growth of the spine and preventing progressive deformity according to the indications described by Winter 1,2 and McMaster 3,4 et al Of the 14 patients in our study, 8 (57%) required a spine arthrodesis.…”

Prenatal Diagnosis of Tethered Spinal Cord

“…10 In addition, renal anomalies include unilateral renal agenesis, duplicated kidney, and ureteral obstruction and are seen in 30% of neonates with vertebral anomalies. 11,12 Congenital heart defects are present in 10% of all neonates with vertebral anomalies. 13 The VACTERL association should also be considered whenever vertebral anomalies are identified (Fig.…”