Congenital scleral staphyloma in a dog repaired with preserved homologous peritoneum

Abstract

A case of congenital scleral staphyloma was treated with a preserved homologous peritoneum graft. A 2-year-old female poodle with a blue-gray mass in a dorsal and temporal position of the sclera of the left eye was evaluated. The repair of the scleral defect with a graft of preserved homologous peritoneum reduced the strabismus and the size of the staphyloma, and improved the cosmetic appearance of the eye.

Staphyloma in a cat

“…In our case the IOP was normal so the etiology of the staphyloma is either congenital or secondary to scleral pathology. A congenital canine staphyloma has been reported 35 …”

“…A congenital canine staphyloma has been reported. 35 If this staphyloma were congenital, it could have occurred via two abnormal embryologic methanisms, both of which also explain the iris coloboma, flattening of the lens and focal absence of zonular fibers. Embryologically, normal retinal pigmented epithelium development induces the adjacent choroid and sclera to differentiate, and the outer layer of the optic cup determines the differentiation of the anterior iris and ciliary body.…”

“…48 Two canine staphylomas have been repaired successfully, one with polypropylene mesh and the other with preserved homologous peritoneum. 35,45 In humans, diathermy and repeated paracentesis are used to shrink the staphyloma and reduce the intraocular pressure, respectively, thus allowing optimal scleral flattening. 49,50 Excision of a staphyloma with suturing has also been recommended, and was used in this case.…”

Bilateral intraocular glandular choristomas in a Thoroughbred foal

“…The severe superficial corneal pigmentation, diffuse corneal edema, and the deep stromal opacification preventing visualization of the internal globe led to a differential list that included anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD), uveitis, congenital glaucoma, intraocular neoplasia, scarring from exposure or traumatic keratitis, and staphyloma. [15][16][17][18][19] The young age of the foal and the bilaterally symmetrical lesions made chronic keratitis, staphylomas, and intraocular neoplasia unlikely. Uveitis was possible and could not be definitively ruled out due to the inability to visualize the internal ocular tissues.…”

Epibulbar melanoma in a foal

“…Differential considerations for the subconjunctival, episcleral mass included staphyloma, 1,2 orbital fat prolapse, 3–5 parasitic granuloma or cyst, 6,7 corneal or scleral rupture with iris prolapse, 8 ocular neoplasia (hemangioma, angiosarcoma, melanocytoma or malignant melanoma, mastocytoma, lymphosarcoma, and medulloepithelioma), 9–21 or corneal or conjunctival dermoids 8,22–26 …”