Congenital orbital teratoma. Case report

Abstract

Orbital teratoma is a rare tumor composed of tissue derived from the three germinal layers, it usually occurs in otherwise healthy newborns as a fluctuating mass in orbit, with extreme proptosis and periorbital deformity. There are few reports in literature about this topic; we present a case report with severe stretching and deformity of periocular tissue, which underwent enucleation and careful removal of the tumor, properly sparing the eyelids and other structures in the anophthalmic cavity to fit an ocular prosthesis. It did well, improving the patient’s cosmetic appearance and preserving his orbitofacial development. Even though in many cases it is not possible to preserve visual function in patients with congenital orbital teratoma, it is equally important to achieve the best possible cosmetic result.

Mature Orbital Teratoma

“…6 reported an orbital teratoma, where globe preservation was possible; whereas, Gonzalez et al 1 and Prakash et al 9 documented cases where extensive tumour growth warranted an enucleation and exenteration, respectively. Following excision, detailed histopathological evaluation of the entire tumour is necessary to detect possible malignant component.…”

“…Congenital orbital teratomas are rare tumours composed of tissues derived from all three germinal layers. 1 They cause severe unilateral proptosis that may result in optic nerve compromise and exposure keratopathy. 2 They show rapid growth but malignant conversion is rare.…”

“…2 They show rapid growth but malignant conversion is rare. 1 Most common locations for teratoma are gonads, sacrococcyx, retroperitoneum and mediastinum. 3,4 Head and neck teratomas make up only 9% of all cases and among these, the orbital teratomas make up a very small number.…”

Congenital orbital teratoma: A case report

“…Ultrasound shows multiple areas of low and high reflectivity in addition to foci of calcification. [9] Retinoblastoma is an important cause intraocular calcification in this age group, so may be considered as a differential diagnosis. [10] Management of congenital orbital teratoma is not straightforward.…”

Prenatal Exophthalmia Revealing a Postnatal Orbital Teratoma

“…This could not be recommended to the parents of our patients due to lack of adequate surgical means. Medical evacuation was therefore recommended [11,19,23].…”