Congenital nasal encephalocele: a review of 35 cases

Turğut, Mehmet; Özcan, Osman; Benlı, Kemal; Özgen, Tunçalp; O, Gürçay; Sağlam, S; Bertan, Vural; Erbengi, Aykut

doi:10.1016/s1010-5182(05)80246-x

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…35 This specific and unique geographical distribution of fMEC may provide clues in the investigation of its etiology, with respect to genetic/racial or environmental factors, although the matter is complicated by the occasional discovery of fMECs in ethnically diverse groups-for example, in various African countries, 6,17 Mexico, 9 and Turkey. 41 On the other hand, fMECs are rare in Western Europe, Japan, and North America, even in immigrants from Southeast Asia despite their presence in large minority groups. Thus, the preferential localization of fMECs in Southeast Asia must only be a part of the solution in finding the causes of this craniofacial malformation.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 A slight preponderance in males and preferential occurrence of the disease in poor, rural people have often been observed, as in this series. 11,31,32,40,41 However, these findings could be biased by the fact that boys are more likely to be referred for treatment than girls and by the social structure of Southeast Asian countries (overwhelmingly rural). Nevertheless, like our study, many large studies do suggest that this disease is linked to poverty, 36,40 which could also explain the very low prevalence of fMECs in more developed Western countries.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele: appraisal of 200 operated cases

Oucheng

Lauwers

Gollogly

et al. 2010

PED

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Object Frontoethmoidal mengingoencephaloceles (fMECs) are frequently observed in Cambodia, especially in poor families. The authors describe issues related to the surgical treatment of fMECs in Cambodia at the end of a humanitarian program that provided surgery free of charge to patients and their families. Methods The authors reviewed 257 cases of fMEC involving patients who presented to their institution, the Children's Surgical Center in Phnom Penh, between 2004 and 2009. They treated 200 of these patients surgically (108 males, 92 females; 89% younger than 18 years) using a “low-cost” management plan with no routine pre- or postoperative investigations. Initially, surgery was performed by visiting foreign surgeons who taught the procedures to resident surgeons. Patients were not charged for consultations or treatment and received at least 1 follow-up examination 6 months postoperatively. Results The nasoethmoidal type was the most frequent fMEC encountered (69%). Many patients had associated ophthalmological issues (46% of cases). Only 1 familial case was detected. Combined neurosurgical and facial procedures were successfully standardized and learned by surgeons initially unfamiliar with fMEC management. A neurosurgical approach avoided the need for a facial incision in 42 cases, improving cosmetic results. The most common postoperative issues were a temporary CSF leak (24 cases [12%]) and/or infection (28 cases [14%]). There were 3 deaths directly related to the operations. Cosmetic results were good in 145 cases, average in 27, poor in 7, and worse than preoperative appearance in 6 patients. Fifteen patients were lost to follow-up. The parents of 87% of the children were rice farmers. Questionnaire results confirmed that fMEC has important social and educational consequences for the affected children and that these consequences can be partially improved by fMEC correction. Conclusions This experience in fMEC management demonstrates that local surgeons can treat these malformations with limited surgical materials and in a nonspecialized infrastructure after principles of treatment have been learned and if they are carefully respected. Surgery for fMEC can thus be more accessible to a larger number of patients in developing countries. Moreover, local treatment facilitates better postoperative and follow-up care.

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Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele: appraisal of 200 operated cases

Oucheng

Lauwers

Gollogly

et al. 2010

PED

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“…Nasal encephalocele are herniation of the intracranial contents through a defect in the anterior skull base. 2,3 They have an actual or potential central nervous system connection. 4 The causes of neural tube defects are not established but it has been suggested that periconceptional intake of folic acid can prevent these defects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Encephalocele As A Cause Of Reccurent Meningitis

2007

J Liaquat Uni Med Health Sci

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“…19 The surface ectoderm fails to separate from the neuroectoderm during the fourth week of gestation, resulting in a persistent subarachnoid connection via a patent fonticulus frontalis. 10,19,20 Histologically, they are similar to gliomas and contain interweaving strands of neural and fibrous tissue covered by skin or nasal mucosa. Glial cells, cerebral tissue, nonfunctional neural tissue, choroid plexus, and ependymal cells make up these lesions.…”

Section: Encephalocelementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include hydrocephalus (50%), microcephaly, micrognathia, frontonasal dysplasia, cleft lip/ palate, polydactyly, vision problems, and mental retardation, as well as heart, renal, and vertebral issues. 15,19,20,22,26,27 Encephaloceles may also be associated with Arnold-Chiari II malformation and Dandy-Walker malformation. 19,22 Frontoethmoidal encephaloceles typically present as nasal broadening and/or a blue, pulsatile, reducible mass near the nasal bridge that transilluminates.…”

Section: Encephalocelementioning

confidence: 99%

Midline Craniofacial Masses in Children

Wyhe

Chamata

Hollier

2016

Seminars in Plastic Surgery

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Nasal dermoids, encephaloceles, and gliomas are rare congenital lesions that result from improper embryologic development. The differentiation between them and a firm understanding of their pathology is necessary to avoid unnecessary complications. In view of their potential intracranial connection, prompt diagnosis and treatment are paramount. The authors review the embryology, diagnoses, radiologic work-up, surgical management, and complications of these midline craniofacial masses in children.

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Congenital nasal encephalocele: a review of 35 cases

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele: appraisal of 200 operated cases

Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele: appraisal of 200 operated cases

Intranasal Encephalocele As A Cause Of Reccurent Meningitis

Midline Craniofacial Masses in Children

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