Congenital hepatic fibrosis of heterotopic hepatic tissue

Ectopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…For example, ectopic intrathoracic liver contained infantile hemangioendothelioma (Shah et al 1987) or cystic mesenchymal hamartoma (Antoniou et al 2012). In very rare cases, alterations resembling congenital hepatic fibrosis were found in ectopic liver, in the absence of corresponding changes in the orthotopic liver (Zlatkovic et al 1998).…”

“…Other, much less common localizations include the bile duct system (see above); hepatic ligaments; abdominal cavity (Kawahara et al 1988); omphalocele (Fock 1963); umbilical region (Nora and Carr 1946); diaphragm (Takayasu et al 1994;Huang et al 2007); greater omentum (Orth 1887;Br€ uhl 1926;Elsayes et al 2005); stomach wall (el Haddad et al 1985); gastrohepatic ligament (Catani et al 2011);pancreas (Kubota et al 2007;Catani et al 2011); spleen and splenic capsule (Schnyder 1926;Heid and Von Haam 1948;Ball et al 1971;Matsuyama et al 2010); parasplenic space (Diez et al 2009); jejunum (Newland et al 1989;Shigemori et al 2006 (Pesce et al 1984;Watanabe et al 1989); adrenal glands (Honoré 1985; Buck and Koss 1988;Zlatkovic et al 1998;Catani et al 2011); testis (hepatogonadal fusion; Ferro et al 1996); and umbilical cord (Preminger et al 2001). A supradiaphragmatic liver is commonly disconnected to the main body of the liver (Hudson and Brown 1962;Lasser and Wilson 1975) and may be associated with other malformations, e.g., congenital cardiac anomalies (Shapiro and Metlay 1991) or congenital diaphragmatic hernia (Shah et al 1987).…”