Congenital Heart Disease and Maternal Diabetes Mellitus

Petropoulos, Andreas; Khudiyeva, Aynur; Ismailova, Inara

doi:10.28942/ejcs.v1i3.36

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Maternal obesity and hyperglycaemia affect the offspring through the egg cell quality, intrauterine environment and foetal organ development. These metabolic conditions eventually increase the risk for cardiac dysfunction at birth, and early onset diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases later in life 4–9. Higher maternal blood glucose concentration, even below the diagnostic criteria for GDM, is associated with increased birth weight, elevated levels of cord-blood C-peptide, childhood obesity and elevated blood pressure, independent of maternal body mass index (BMI) 10–12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Randomised controlled trial of preconception lifestyle intervention on maternal and offspring health in people with increased risk of gestational diabetes: study protocol for the BEFORE THE BEGINNING trial

Sujan,

Skarstad,

Rosvold

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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IntroductionGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes in the mother and cardiometabolic diseases in the child. The preconception period is an optimal window to adapt the lifestyle for improved outcomes for both mother and child. Our aim is to determine the effect of a lifestyle intervention, initiated before and continued throughout pregnancy, on maternal glucose tolerance and other maternal and infant cardiometabolic outcomes.Methods and analysisThis ongoing randomised controlled trial has included 167 females aged 18–39 years old at increased risk for GDM who are contemplating pregnancy. The participants were randomly allocated 1:1 to an intervention or control group. The intervention consists of exercise (volume is set by a heart rate-based app and corresponds to ≥ 1 hour of weekly exercise at ≥ 80% of individual heart rate maximum), and time-restricted eating (≤ 10 hours/day window of energy intake). The primary outcome measure is glucose tolerance in gestational week 28. Maternal and offspring outcomes are measured before and during pregnancy, at delivery, and at 6–8 weeks post partum. Primary and secondary continuous outcome measures will be compared between groups based on the ‘intention to treat’ principle using linear mixed models.Ethics and disseminationThe Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics in Norway has approved the study (REK 143756). The anonymised results will be submitted for publication and posted in a publicly accessible database of clinical study results.Trial registration numberClinical trial govNCT04585581.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These metabolic conditions eventually increase the risk for cardiac dysfunction at birth, and early onset diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases later in life. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Higher maternal blood glucose concentration, even below the diagnostic criteria for GDM, is associated with increased birth weight, elevated levels…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomised controlled trial of preconception lifestyle intervention on maternal and offspring health in people with increased risk of gestational diabetes: study protocol for the BEFORE THE BEGINNING trial

Sujan,

Skarstad,

Rosvold

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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“…These metabolic conditions eventually increase the risk for cardiac dysfunction at birth, and early onset diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases later in life. (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) Higher maternal blood glucose concentration, even below the diagnostic criteria for GDM, is associated with increased birth weight, elevated levels of cord-blood C-peptide, childhood obesity, and elevated blood pressure, independent of maternal body mass index (BMI). (10)(11)(12) Besides the inheritable risk factors, epigenetic modifications in utero, low-grade inflammation, and modifications of the gut microbiome can also negatively affect the cardiometabolic health of the offspring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomised controlled trial of preconception lifestyle intervention on maternal and offspring health in people with increased risk of gestational diabetes: study protocol for the BEFORE THE BEGINNING trial

Sujan,

Skarstad,

Rosvold

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes in the mother and cardiometabolic diseases in the child. The preconception period is an optimal window to adapt the lifestyle for improved outcomes for both mother and child. Our aim is to determine the effect of a lifestyle intervention, initiated before and continued throughout pregnancy, on maternal glucose tolerance and other maternal and infant cardiometabolic outcomes. Methods and analysis: This ongoing randomised controlled trial has included 167 females aged 18-39 years old at increased risk for GDM who are contemplating pregnancy. The participants were randomly allocated 1:1 to an intervention or control group. The intervention consists of exercise (volume is set by a heart rate-based app and corresponds to ≥ 1 hour of weekly exercise at ≥ 80% of individual heart rate maximum), and time-restricted eating (≤ 10 hours/day window of energy intake). The primary outcome measure is glucose tolerance in gestational week 28. Maternal and offspring outcomes are measured before and during pregnancy, at delivery, and at 6-8 weeks postpartum. Primary and secondary continuous outcome measures will be compared between groups based on the intention to treat principle using linear mixed models. Ethics and dissemination: The Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics in Norway has approved the study (REK 143756). The anonymised results will be submitted for publication and posted in a publicly accessible database of clinical study results. Trial registration number: Clinical trial govNCT04585581. Keywords: insulin resistance, time-restricted eating, aerobic exercise, glycaemic control, diet

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Risk factors for transposition of the great arteries in Saudi population

Alfarhan

Alquayt

Alshalhoub

et al. 2020

SMJ

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5¹«dAÃ« q¹b³ð-uDð vKŽ U¼dOŁQðË WKL²;« dD)« qÄ«uŽ rOOI²Ã ∫•«b¼_‫ا‬ AE©TGA® …dO³JÃ«-s¹cÃ« v{d*« lOL' wFł-dŁQÐ ôUŠ WÝ«-oe X¹dł√ ∫WO−NM*« e¹eFÃ« b³Ž pK*« WM¹bÄ w Â2016 Ë Â1999 wÄUŽ 5Ð TGA ? Ð rNBO Að fM'«Ë dLFÃ« jÐ«u{ b¹b%-AEW¹oeuF Ã« WOÐdFÃ« WJKL*« ¨ ÷U¹dÃ« ¨WO³DÃ« qL(« ÍdJÝË »-UÁ_« Ã«Ë" pÃ-w U0 ¨dD)« qÄ«uŽ XFLł AEWIÐUD²*«-AE UNÄ_« R UJðË s¹bÃ«uÃ« dLŽË WOIK)« VKIÃ« ÷«dÄ_ wKzUFÃ« a¹-U²Ã«Ë AETGA d¹uDð vKŽ dD)« qÄ«uŽ-UŁ¬ qOK×²Ã-«b×½ô« Ã-u/ Â«b ²Ý« w Èd³JÃ« 5¹«dAÃ« q¹b³ð lÄ v{dÄ 206 tŽuL−Ä UMK−Ý ∫ZzU²MÃ« WDO Ð TGA vÃ≈ …dO³JÃ« 5¹«dAÃ« q¹b³ð ôUŠ rO Ið-AEWÝ«-bÃ«-¨WÝË-b*« ôU(« w AE446 …-U² *« WO×BÃ« jÐ«uCÃ« X½UÂ AE…bIFÄË w qL(« ÍdJÝ hO Að-Ë ¨ ôU(« sÄ ©46%® 95 w WÐ«dÁ vKŽ-u¦FÃ« sÄ bÂRÄ wKzUŽ a¹-Uð UN¹bÃ ©17%® 35Ë ¨ UNÄ_« sÄ ©17.5%® 36 ¨jÐ«uCÃUÐ ôU×KÃ dD)« qÄ«uŽ W½-UIÄ X9 UÄbMŽ AE WOIK)« VKIÃ« ÷«dÄ√ sÄ dO³Â qJAÐ b¹eð R UJ²Ã«Ë ¨Â_« dLŽË ¨qL(« ÍdJÝË ¨WÐ«dIÃ« Ê√ błË AETGA ÀËbŠ U0 …dO³JÃ« 5¹«dAÃ« q¹b³ð-uD²Ã …dO³Â dDš qÄ«uŽ UM²Ý«-oe dNþ« ∫W ö)« wKzUFÃ« a¹-U²Ã«Ë ¨qL(« ÍdJÝË ¨vÃË_« Wł-bÃ« sÄ »-UÁ_« Ã«Ë" pÃ-w sÄ qÄ«uFÃ« Ác¼ oe«" AER UJ²Ã«Ë Â_« dLŽ …oeU¹"Ë ¨WOIK)« WO³KIÃ« U¼uA²KÃ AEqÁ_« vKŽ 5HF{-«bI0 dD)« Objectives: To assess potential risk factors and their effect on the development of transposition of the great arteries (TGA). Methods: A retrospective case-control study of all patients diagnosed with TGA between 1999 to 2016 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Age and gender-matched controls were selected. Risk factors, including consanguinity, gestational diabetes, family history of congenital heart disease, parental age, and maternal parity, were collected. Regression modeling was used to analyze the effects of risk factors on the development of TGA. Results: A total of 206 patients with transposition of the great arteries were enrolled in the study. Transposition of the great arteries cases were divided into simple and complex TGA. Selected healthy Original Article controls were 446. In the studied cases, consanguinity was found in 95 (46%) of cases, gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 36 (17.5%) mothers, and 35 (17%) had a confirmed family history of congenital heart disease. When risk factors of the cases were compared to the controls, consanguinity, gestational diabetes, maternal age, and parity were found to significantly increase the incidence of TGA. Conclusion: Our study revealed significant risk factors for the development of transposition of great arteries including first degree consanguineous marriages, gestational diabetes, family history of congenital cardiac anomalies, and increasing maternal age and parity. These factors increased the risk by at least 2 folds.

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Congenital Heart Disease and Maternal Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Randomised controlled trial of preconception lifestyle intervention on maternal and offspring health in people with increased risk of gestational diabetes: study protocol for the BEFORE THE BEGINNING trial

Randomised controlled trial of preconception lifestyle intervention on maternal and offspring health in people with increased risk of gestational diabetes: study protocol for the BEFORE THE BEGINNING trial

A randomised controlled trial of preconception lifestyle intervention on maternal and offspring health in people with increased risk of gestational diabetes: study protocol for the BEFORE THE BEGINNING trial

Risk factors for transposition of the great arteries in Saudi population

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