Congenital follicular dysplasia in five related coatimundis (Nasua nasua)

Abstract

We report a congenital follicular dysplasia in five coatis from four different litters of the same parents born between 1996 and 2001. These coatis were born apparently alopecic with the entire body covered by very short dark hairs, with secondary lichenification of the skin, crusting and scaling. The main histopathological feature consisted of premature cornification of the cortical cells of the hair shaft. Cells were already fully cornified below the Adamson's fringe, leading to a disorganized, fragmented and constricted hair shaft. Based on the history of the animals and the nature of the lesions, a genetic defect in hair shaft keratinization was suspected.

Procyonidae, Viverridae, Hyenidae, Herpestidae, Eupleridae, and Prionodontidae

“…Crosses of albino raccoons and normal-colored raccoons produce offspring with a reddish-brown hair coat, referred to by some as "cinnamon" or "red" raccoons. Congenital follicular dysplasia has been reported in related litters of coatis ( Nicolier et al, 2005). Coatis were born alopecic with only very short dark hairs, and cutaneous lichenification, crusting, and scaling.…”

Widespread, symmetric, noninflammatory alopecia associated with follicular dysplasia in the American red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)

“…Although some forms of HFD may be congenital, in most cases, the animal is born with hair, but it is lost or partially lost in the first few years of life. 9,11,13 Given the unknown history and young age of these animals, it is unclear if they had normal hair coats before presentation. Factors such as alopecia presenting at a young age (6-8 weeks or younger) and the information that 5 of the 8 animals were found with or in close proximity to 2 to 3 other ARS with a similar pattern of alopecia support a genetic etiology.…”

Follicular dysplasia and hair loss in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

“…7,12 Alopecic conditions in the absence of such underlying conditions are recognized although frequently not well understood. These less-understood alopecic conditions are best described and reported in domesticated species, especially in dogs and cattle, 6,7,[11][12][13][14][15]18 while rarely documented in freeranging or captive wildlife species. [1][2][3]14,21 Follicular dysplasia is an uncommon cause of alopecia reported to occur in several animal species and in humans.…”

“…[1][2][3]14,21 Follicular dysplasia is an uncommon cause of alopecia reported to occur in several animal species and in humans. 7,11,12,14,15,17,18 Few reports of follicular dysplasia in wild animal species exist in the literature. [1][2][3]8,9 The aim of this report is to present and document two cases of alopecia in free-ranging, wild white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; WTD) in Wisconsin with follicular dysplasia, which has been referred to as "toothpaste hair disease" in the vernacular of the Great Lakes and Mississippi Valley regions.…”

“…These less-understood alopecic conditions are best described and reported in domesticated species, especially in dogs and cattle, 6,7,11–15,18 while rarely documented in free-ranging or captive wildlife species. 1–3,14,21…”