Congenital eyelid retraction.

Collin, J. R. O.; Allen, L. H.; Castronuovo, S.

doi:10.1136/bjo.74.9.542

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Seventh nerve and oculomotor nerve function were normal, and the findings of full ophthalmic examinations were normal, with the exception of bilateral congenital blepharoptosis and nasolacrimal duct obstruction in one patient and unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in one patient. No systemic abnormalities were detected, with the exception of one patient with Marfan syndrome, a clinical entity previously unknown to be associated with eyelid retraction [ 5 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Eyelid Epiblepharon Associated with Lower Eyelid Retraction

Sung

Lee

Choung

et al. 2010

Korean J Ophthalmol

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PurposeTo describe a series of patients with lower eyelid epiblepharon associated with lower eyelid retraction.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent surgery for lower eyelid retraction, epiblepharon, or thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) between October 1999 and March 2007. Patients with both lower eyelid retraction and epiblepharon on preoperative examination were included in this study.ResultsTwenty-seven eyelids of 20 patients with both lower eyelid retraction and epiblepharon were enrolled. The underlying causes of lower eyelid retraction included congenital retraction (seven eyelids), congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM; seven eyelids), TAO (seven eyelids), post-operative cicatricial retraction (five eyelids), and facial nerve palsy (one eyelid). Eight of 27 eyelids were successfully corrected after the repair of retraction without the repair of epiblepharon, regardless of the cause of lower eyelid retraction. Another four eyelids with epiblepharon associated with TAO resolved after only orbital decompression. Cilia-everting sutures were additionally applied for epiblepharon in another 14 eyelids, 12 of which did not require the excision of a skin fold or the orbicularis muscles. Only one eyelid with mild retraction and epiblepharon underwent simple epiblepharon repair. Recurrence of retraction or epiblepharon developed in three eyelids during follow-up.ConclusionsIn cases with both lower eyelid retraction and epiblepharon, the retraction should be repaired first, and then the epiblepharon can be corrected selectively according to the severity of the case.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Eyelid Epiblepharon Associated with Lower Eyelid Retraction

Sung

Lee

Choung

et al. 2010

Korean J Ophthalmol

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“…Upper eyelid retraction in children has been reported in isolation and in association with systemic and local disease processes (1,2,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). The diagnosis of primary, isolated congenital eyelid retraction can be made only when systemic conditions and neurological injury have been excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Periodic Unilateral Eyelid Retraction in a Pediatric Patient

Gandhi

Rogers

Kardon

et al. 2011

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology

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A healthy 11-year-old girl presented with right upper eyelid retraction since birth. An evaluation including thyroid function studies and neuroimaging was negative, and the patient was scheduled for a right levator recession to address the eyelid malposition. Intraoperatively, after the induction of inhalational general anesthesia, the patient displayed cyclic right upper eyelid retraction. Occurring in intervals of exactly 48 seconds, these cycles involved a rapid elevation of the right eyelid from a position of half-closure to a retracted position just above the superior limbus. There was no change in pupil size or eye position during these cyclic spasms, and the contralateral eyelid was unaffected. The patient underwent an uncomplicated levator recession, which improved the upper eyelid retraction. Postoperative testing, including external motility video and infrared pupillometry, demonstrated no cyclic variation in eyelid position, eye position, or pupil size in the waking state. This is a unique case of unilateral eyelid retraction with periodic spasms under conditions of anesthesia without a preexisting oculomotor paresis; it represents an unusual variation on congenital eyelid retraction and classically described cyclic oculomotor palsy.

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“…Additionally, shortening of the posterior lamella because of exophthalmos can cause lower eyelid retraction [ 1 2 ]. In addition, rare cases of idiopathic congenital lower eyelid retraction have also been reported [ 7 8 9 10 ]. The number of patients who want to undergo surgery for aesthetic reasons is increasing because the condition known as three white eyes, in which the sclera is visible above the lower eyelid margin, is not favored in East Asian countries, including Korea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common cause of retraction in this study was congenital lower eyelid retraction. A few cases of primary or idiopathic congenital retraction of the lower eyelid have been described in the literature [ 7 8 9 10 ]. Collin et al [ 7 ] reported four cases with lower eyelid retraction affecting one eye, and Mee and McNab [ 9 ] reported two cases of lower eyelid retraction with abnormal ocular movement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Surgical Outcomes of Lower Eyelid Retraction

Kim

Baek

Lee

et al. 2017

Korean J Ophthalmol

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PurposeTo investigate the causes of lower eyelid retraction and evaluate the outcomes of various surgical procedures.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective medical record review of patients who underwent lower eyelid retraction surgery performed by a single surgeon at Kim's Eye Hospital between 2006 and 2013. We investigated the causes of lower eyelid retraction, clinical history, characteristics, treatment, and surgical outcomes. Preoperative and postoperative margin reflex distance 2 and inferior scleral show were measured for each eyelid. Success was defined as a positive eyelid elevation and a decrease in inferior scleral show.ResultsA total of 19 lower eyelids were treated in 14 patients with lower eyelid retraction. For cosmetic reasons, surgical correction for congenital lower eyelid retraction was performed on seven eyelids (36.8%). Ten eyelids (52.6%) exhibited secondary lower eyelid retraction after surgery. One eyelid (5.3%) was affected by facial palsy and one eyelid (5.3%) exhibited exophthalmos of an unknown origin. We adopted a selective approach based on lower eyelid retraction severity. Spacer grafting via a subconjunctival approach was the most commonly performed surgical technique (13 eyelids, 68.4%). The lateral tarsal strip procedure was used to horizontally tighten three eyelids (15.8%). At the time of the procedure, one of these eyelids (5.3%) also received an adjuvant suborbicularis oculi fat lift. Autogenous dermis fat grafting was performed on two lower eyelids (10.5%), whose retraction was caused by fat and soft tissue loss. Cosmetic outcomes were satisfactory in all cases.ConclusionsTo achieve satisfactory surgical outcomes, surgeons should adopt an approach based on the severity of lower eyelid retraction. Mild lower eyelid retraction can be corrected without grafts. When retraction is severe and exceeds 2 mm, spacer grafts that push the lower eyelid margin upwards and support it from below are required.

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Congenital eyelid retraction.

Cited by 34 publications

References 6 publications

Lower Eyelid Epiblepharon Associated with Lower Eyelid Retraction

Lower Eyelid Epiblepharon Associated with Lower Eyelid Retraction

Periodic Unilateral Eyelid Retraction in a Pediatric Patient

Causes and Surgical Outcomes of Lower Eyelid Retraction

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