Congenital cyst of the orbit: A case report

Abstract

Dermoid cyst is an example of choristoma (i.e., tumors that originate from aberrant primordial tissue which result in normal appearing tissue in an abnormal location). This particular type of cyst is formed at the site where 2 suture lines of the skull close during embryonic development, and during this time, dermal or epidermal elements are pinched off which later convert to form cysts. Approximately, 50% of these tumors that involve the head are found in or adjacent to the orbit. This article presents a similar case of the orbital dermoid cyst with its management and also a review on other varieties of dermoid cysts of the head and neck region.

Bilateral orbital dermoid cysts: A case report

“…The orbital dermoid cyst is a benign mass composed of epithelial structures, dermoid appendages in the cyst wall, and keratinizing material and hair in the cyst cavity. 1 , 2 CT scans show that orbital dermoid cysts are mostly located near the greater and lesser wing sutures of the sphenoid bone and the frontozygomatic suture; they are round, oval, or dumbbell-shaped, with well-defined borders and diverse cyst content density. 3 , 4 , 9 MRI scans of the contents of the dermoid cysts show characteristic features; its fatty components are of high signal intensity on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images, and fat-suppressed scans, excluding high signal intensity, show non-fatty components in the cyst wall and contents.…”

“…A periorbital dermoid cyst is an example of a congenital choristoma (i.e., a benign tumour consisting of histologically normal cells occurring in an abnormal location). 1 They are typically lined by keratinizing squamous epithelium and have adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sweat glands sebaceous glands, and even teeth. 1 , 2 Dermoid cysts account for about 3–9% of all orbital masses.…”

“… 1 They are typically lined by keratinizing squamous epithelium and have adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sweat glands sebaceous glands, and even teeth. 1 , 2 Dermoid cysts account for about 3–9% of all orbital masses. 3 They most frequently form in the superolateral region of the orbit near the frontozygomatic suture.…”

A dermoid cyst misdiagnosed as a lipoma due to atypical magnetic resonance images: a case report

“…Therefore, details of the images such as the tumor capsule and the internal signals should have been considered [ 5 ]. Tumors just above the eyebrow in the young are suspected to be dermoid or epidermoid cysts in most cases [ 1 ]. However, surgeons usually perform operations in cases where preoperative MRI images show the typical pattern of a lipoma, especially when the internal signals are suppressed uniformly on fat suppressed T2-weighted images.…”

“…Dermoid or epidermoid cysts are congenital lesions that manifest as subcutaneous tumors around the lateral sides of the eyebrows [ 1 ]. They lead the list of differential diagnosis for tumors found in this part of the body [ 2 ].…”