Congenital candidiasis

Abstract

Congenital candidiasis (CC) is a rare disease with less than 100 cases being reported in the literature. It presents within six days of life with manifestations ranging from localized skin disease to systemic involvement in the form of respiratory distress, sepsis, and death. We report a neonate who presented with diffuse pustular eruption on erythematous background involving face, trunk, and palms within 24 h after birth. Candida albicans was identified in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear and culture from the pustules. Intravenous fluconazole and topical ketoconazole were given and the condition improved completely in two weeks. CC is rare and needs to be differentiated from other conditions presenting with pustular lesions at birth in order to avoid complications. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this condition is important as untreated cases carry a mortality rate of 8-40%.

Congenital Cutaneous Candidiasis in a Premature Neonate. Case Report

“…Therefore, it is essential to evaluate complications 8 . However, extensive evaluation should be warranted when respiratory distress, positive cultures from blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid, leukocytosis with left shift and burning-like dermatitis [9][10] .…”

“…Regarding the treatment for CCC, topical Nystatin is the most common treatment, followed by topical Clotrimazole 1 . On the other hand, systemic antifungal therapy has efficacy in neonatal sepsis, weight <1500 g, previous treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, respiratory distress, positive cultures, and immunodeficiency [5][6][7][8][9] . Management includes non-azole antifungal Amphotericin B, 1mg/kg for Amphotericin B deoxycholate, and 5 mg/kg for lipid-associated Amphotericin B preparations.…”

“…Management includes non-azole antifungal Amphotericin B, 1mg/kg for Amphotericin B deoxycholate, and 5 mg/kg for lipid-associated Amphotericin B preparations. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . In addition, 6-12 mg/kg fluconazole is also recommended 10 .…”

Amphotericin-B in dermatology

“…[ 21 ] Systemic therapy is continued for a duration of 21–28 days. [ 22 ] Topical therapy: Topical formulation of AmB has been used for the treatment of oral candidiasis, but the availability of such formulations is a major limiting factor. The infectious disease society of America recommends the use of amphotericin B deoxycholate oral suspension as an alternative for fluconazole-refractory oral candidiasis.…”

Congenital Candidiasis in a Preterm Neonate: Raising Awareness of a Rare and Unpredictable Disease

“…Congenital Candidiasis (CC) can be seen within the 1st week of life as a mucocutaneous infection [1]. It can present as diffuse rashes that prompt systemic antifungal treatment to prevent dissemination and candida-related mortality [2].…”