Congenital Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia – A Mosaic Trisomy Chromosome 22 and t(5;15)(p15;q15) : A Case Report

Abstract

Neonatal leukaemia is a rare blood cancer occurring in baby less than 30 days of life is characterized by proliferation of white cells without known and obvious reasons. We report a case of a 7-day- old girl diagnosed with congenital leukaemia. At the time of presentation, she was evaluated as early neonatal sepsis. However, her laboratory investigations were consistent with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Her cytogenetic analysis showed 46 XX trisomy 22, t(5,15) (p15,q15) and del 7 (q33,q35). She was managed with standard Interfant 06 protocol and had achieved marrow remission during the course of chemotherapy. Our case highlights the differentiation between lymphocytic leukemoid reaction and lymphoblastic malignant cells and also congenital acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who had a good outcome from the chemotherapy.