Congenital Abnormalities

Mandibulofacial dysostosis: CT findings of the temporal bones

“…The fully expressed phenotype exhibits characteristic dysmorphic features involving the face, eyes, mandible and ears [1,2]. M FD probably derives from inhibition of the facial structures from the first and second branchial (visceral) arches [3],…”

Developmental change of the biorbital angle in normal Japanese infants

“…It is well-known that both the volume of the orbital growth and the shape continue to change after birth, with the normal lateral orbital walls exhibiting an approximate 90° angle in relation to other adolescents and adults. 10 , 11 However, there have only been a few studies that have investigated developmental changes of the biorbital angle after birth. It has been reported that the angle of the orbit measured between the medial and lateral orbital wall decreased until the age of 1 year, with little change noted thereafter.…”

“…It is well-known that there is continuous development of the orbit after birth, 1 with several reports documenting changes in the volume of the orbit and the diameter of the orbital opening in both newborns and infants. 2 – 7 Although previous studies have clearly shown that the angle of the orbit gradually changes from wider to narrower as the gestation progresses, 8 – 10 there have been few studies that examined the development of the opening angle of the orbit after birth. 11 – 13 Tsukitome et al reported changes in the opening angle of the optic nerve and the angle of the ocular orbit with increasing age in normal Japanese children.…”