Congener-Specific Tissue Distribution of Aroclor 1254 and a Highly Chlorinated Environmental PCB Mixture in Rats

Kania-Korwel, Izabela; Hornbuckle, Keri C.; Peck, Aaron M.; Ludewig, Gabriele; Robertson, Larry W.; Sułkowski, Wieslaw W.; Espandiari, Parvaneh; Gairola, C. Gary; Lehmler, Hans‐Joachim

doi:10.1021/es047987f

Cited by 44 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Aroclor 1254 and a soil extract of Chlorofen). Our previous work has shown that exposure to these two PCB mixtures causes the induction of hepatic enzymes in laboratory animals (26). Specifically, we have shown that Aroclor 1254-treated rats have elevated EROD (CYP 1A) activity and rats treated with a soil extract of Chlorofen have elevated PROD (CYP 2B) activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…that higher chlorinated PCBs (for example PCB 174, 180, 193, 194 and 203+196) appear to be selectively retained in the spleen of both treatment groups (26). We analyzed statistically significant differences in the EFs among different tissues (Tables 2 and 3) to determine if the same observation can also be made for the tissue specific disposition of PCB atropisomers.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Efs Of Pcbs In Tissues From Both Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Distribution of Chiral PCBs in Selected Tissues in the Laboratory Rat

Kania-Korwel

Garrison

Avants

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The enantiomeric enrichment of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) atropisomers has been reported in both wildlife and in humans. The biological processes causing this enrichment are only poorly investigated, a fact that limits the use of enantiomeric fractions (EFs) as a tool to study various processes of environmental relevance. To further understand these enantioselective processes, this study investigates the tissue distribution and EFs of some PCB atropisomers after administration of PCB mixtures to immature male Sprague-Dawley rats. The mixtures selected for this study, Aroclor 1254 and an environmental mixture extracted from Chlorofen-contaminated soil, are qualitatively different and are known to induce different groups of hepatic enzymes. Animals were sacrificed six days after dosing, PCBs were extracted, and, whenever possible, the EFs of PCBs 84, 91, 95, 149, 174 and 176 were determined by chiral gas chromatography. The EFs of PCB 95 (adipose tissue, liver and skin) and PCB 149 (adipose tissue, liver, skin and blood) in tissues from Aroclor 1254-treated animals differed significantly from EFs in the Aroclor standard, while only EFs of PCB 95 (blood) and PCB 174 (adipose tissue) in tissues from soil extract-treated animals were different from those of the Chlorofen soil extract. PCB 149 in tissues from soil extract-treated animals underwent no statistically significant enantiomeric enrichment. These differences in the EFs clearly suggest that the enantioselective enrichment of PCB atropisomers may correlate with exposure history, and with the induction of hepatic enzymes, and that EFs may be useful chemical markers of physiologic and biochemical changes following exposure to PCBs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Comparison Of the Efs Of Pcbs In Tissues From Both Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution of Chiral PCBs in Selected Tissues in the Laboratory Rat

Kania-Korwel

Garrison

Avants

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The PCB extract was concentrated to 1 mL and an internal standard solution consisting of PCBs 30 and 204 (300 μL; 100.8 μg PCB/L in hexane) was added. Sulfur impurities were removed using standard EPA procedures prior to PCB analysis (Kania-Korwel et al 2005;Kania-Korwel et al 2007;Lehmler et al 2003). …”

Section: Pcb Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCB analysis was performed using a HP 6890 gas chromatograph with 60-m DB-5 capillary column and a 63 Ni μ-ECD detector (Kania-Korwel et al 2005). The detector temperature was 300°C.…”

Section: Pcb Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary glycine on the hepatic tumor promoting activity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in rats

et al. 2007

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitious lipophilic environmental pollutants. Some of the PCB congeners and mixtures of congeners have tumor promoting activity in rat liver. The mechanism of their activity is not fully understood and is likely to be multifactorial. The aim of this study was to investigate if the resident liver macrophages, Kupffer cells, are important in the promoting activity of PCBs. The hypothesis of this study was that the inhibition of Kupffer cell activity would inhibit hepatic tumor promotion by PCBs in rats. To test our hypothesis, we studied the effects of Kupffer cell inhibition by dietary glycine (an inhibitor of Kupffer cell secretory activity) in a rat two-stage hepatocarcinogenesis model using 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153, a non-dioxin-like PCB) or 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-77, a dioxin-like PCB) as promoters. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 150 mg/kg) was administered to female Sprague Dawley rats, which were then placed on an unrefined diet containing 5% glycine (or casein as nitrogen control) starting two weeks after DEN administration. On the third day after starting the diets, rats received PCB-77 (300 μmol/kg), PCB-153 (300 μmol/kg), or corn oil by i.p. injection. The rats received a total of 4 PCB injections, administered every 14 days. The rats were euthanized on the 10th day after the last PCB injection, and the formation of altered hepatic foci expressing placental glutathione S-transferase (PGST) and the rate of DNA synthesis in these foci and in the normal liver tissue were determined. Glycine did not significantly affect foci number or volume. PCB-153 did not significantly increase the focal volume, but increased the number of foci per liver, but only in the rats not fed glycine; PCB-77 increased both the foci number and their volume in both glycine-fed and control rats. Glycine did not alter the PCB content of the liver, but did increase the activity of 7-benzyloxyresorufin Odealkylase (BROD) in liver microsomes from PCB-153 treated rats. However, glycine did not affect the induction of ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activity by PCB-77 in liver microsomes. Glycine diminished hepatocyte proliferation in PGST-positive foci, but not in normal tissue. Overall these results do not support the hypothesis that dietary glycine inhibits the promoting activities of PCBs. The observations that PCB-153 increased the number of foci per liver in control rats but not glycinefed rats and that dietary glycine reduced cell proliferation in PGST-positive foci, however, do not Correspondence to: Howard P. Glauert, Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, 222 Funkhouser Building, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0054, Telephone: 859-257-7789, FAX: 859-323-0061, E-Mail: hglauert@uky.edu Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the ...

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“…Typically, less-chlorinated PCBs (≤5 Cl) have a more rapid uptake (Oberg et al, 2002) and are more rapidly metabolized and eliminated (Matthews and Anderson, 1975;Oberg et al, 2002) than higher-molecular-weight congeners. Upon exposure, however, these compounds may be initially high in perfused tissue (Kania-Korwell et al, 2005) so that alewife from the ISC had a PCB profile indicative of parent PCB, e.g., Aroclor 1242.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%