“…Cecropins are induced in the hemolymph following injection of live non-pathgenic bacteria and display strong bacteriolytic activity against a variety of Gramnegative bacteria. We have already investigated cecropin B (CB) and its analogues cecropins B1 and B3 in order to explore the relationships between phospholipid bilayer disruption, cell death, and cecropin sequence/structure using bacterial, cancer cell, and various in vitro systems (Chan et al, 1998a,b;Chen et al, 1997Chen et al, , 2000Chen et al, , 2003Hui et al, 2002;Hung et al, 1999;Sailam et al, 2000Sailam et al, , 2001Wang et al, 1998, Sailam et al, 1999. In the present study, we present an in vitro analysis of the mechanisms involved in the death of Gram-negative bacteria after cecropin treatment using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).…”