Conformational analysis of cycloalkanes

Abstract

Conformational analysis is a comparatively new area of organic chemistry that has been developed well after the theories of organic reactions, bonding in organic compounds and stereochemistry. It was only in the second half of twentieth century that its importance was fully recognized and its central role with respect to bonding, reactivity and stability of organic compounds was appreciated. Fundamental concepts of conformational analysis, a deeper discussion of the conformational analysis of small and common rings and an introduction into the conformational analysis of medium and large rings are presented at a level suitable for an introductory organic chemistry course. This discussion aims to provide a better understanding of the complex relationship among different types of strain, while also discussing the factors that determine stability of a particular conformation. Finally, the unique nature of each class of cycloalkanes is explored.

Crystal structure of cis-copper(II) complex with N-(di-n-propylcarbamothioyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide ligand

“…In this conformation, all hydrogen atoms are staggered and all C-C-C bond angles are nearly tetrahedral with a value of approximately at ∼111°. These bond angles are typical for chair conformation of cyclohexane ring [37]. The unit cell and packing of the complex is given in Figure 3.…”

Magnetic Field-Sensitive Radical Pair Dynamics in Polymethylene Ether-Bridged Donor–Acceptor Systems

“… 23 On the other hand, ring strain is unlikely to be the cause of the observed free-energy changes, as the strain does not change much with the ring size for the large cycles at question. 60 The change in free energy is also reflected in the emission spectra of the exciplexes, which are hypsochromically shifted as n increases (see Figures S1 and S2 in the Supporting Information ). Furthermore, the solvent dependence of the exciplex emission maximum shows that the degree of charge transfer is larger in the short-chain exciplexes, that is, they resemble the ion pair more.…”

To Cooperate or Not: The Role of Central Functionality in Bisthiourea [6]polynorbornane Hosts

“…Δ G was calculated using the equation Δ G = – RT ln( K ) where T = the temperature of the NMR probe (recorded during titration) . Conformational adjustment of even a simple disubstituted ethylene linker can introduce up to 14 kJ mol –1 energetic penalty . As such, conformational adjustments in the ethylene linker are the likely justification for the slight preference in binding of 10 with isophthalate over terephthalate.…”