Conformable Holographic Photonic Ink Sensors Based on Adhesive Tapes for Strain Measurements

Abstract

Buildings, bridges, and aircrafts are frequently exposed to fluctuation loads which could start with a fine crack that instantly lead to unpredictable structure failures. The stationary strain sensors can be utilized, but they are costly and only detect limited deformations forms and sizes. Here, we fabricated photonic strain sensors on adhesive tapes which can provide realtime monitoring of irregular surfaces. Holographic interference patterning was used to produce non-linear curved nanostructures of 1D of (900 nm × 880 nm) and 2D from black dye film on a robust uniform adhesive layer and heat resistance tape. The patterned structure of the black dye was stable in broad pH environments. Diffracted light from the curved nanostructure detected the signal during structural damage, shift or material tear of 5 µɛ at less than 1.3 N cm-2. Additionally, the 2D nanostructure detected a surface change from x or y axis. Tilting the 1D structure within the range of 0.3° to 14.2° provided visible wavelength changes under broadband light to reveal early deflection signs. The curved nonpatterns could be also used for

Holographic Sensors in Biotechnology

“…[90][91][92] AlQattan et al developed a holographic strain sensor through use of holographic interference patterning to record curved nanostructures on adhesive tapes, which upon deformation vary their diffraction properties. [93] Common black ink (Staedtler Lumocolor) deposited onto a glass substrate was utilized as the recording medium. Holographic gratings were produced using an Nd:YAG laser system creating either Fresnel lens or a curved grating nanostructure by controlling the point of reflection from the concave mirror, with grating spacing tuned through the variation of recording angle (Figure 9a).…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [93] Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. and isopropanol via UV photopolymerization of a secondary highly crosslinked polymer.…”

Mechanically Tunable Flexible Photonic Device for Strain Sensing Applications

“…Diffraction angles or the angular separation between the diffracted orders and the central non-diffracted spot can be altered by applying an external stimulus (detected using Bragg's law) [15,30]. Various detection schemes that include diffraction efficiency [26,31], intensity [32,33], and wavelength shift [34] can be used to obtain useful data for stimulus detection. The involvement of dimensional physical change in these optical sensors emphasizes the usage of flexible and stretchable materials for the fabrication of the sensing gratings [31,[34][35][36].…”

“…Various detection schemes that include diffraction efficiency [26,31], intensity [32,33], and wavelength shift [34] can be used to obtain useful data for stimulus detection. The involvement of dimensional physical change in these optical sensors emphasizes the usage of flexible and stretchable materials for the fabrication of the sensing gratings [31,[34][35][36].…”