Confocal microscopy of the cornea

Coupling of HRT II and AS-OCT to evaluate corneal endothelial cell loss and in vivo visualization of the Ahmed glaucoma valve implant

“…In contrast, the pinpoint focusing intrinsic to confocal optics and the composite nature of the images, obtained ensure that confocal biomicroscopy is not affected by the nature of the endothelial surface. 36 Hara et al 33 compared the clinical efficacy of confocal biomicroscopy with that of non-contact specular microscopy for the evaluation of the corneal endothelium. Although clear images of corneal endothelial cells, allowing the determination of cell density, were obtained for all eyes evaluated by confocal biomicroscopy, clear images were obtained for only 36.4% of these eyes by non-contact specular microscopy.…”

“…36,37 Information that otherwise would require more than one instrument to collect can be obtained from only a few scans with one instrument. Histologic information based on the appearance and density of cells can also be derived by confocal images.…”

In vivo confocal microscopy of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

“…8 Clinical biomicroscopy and pathologic examination of sampled specimens continue to have the major role in diagnosing and monitoring OSSN. Unfortunately, biomicroscopy is limited by low magnification and needs histo-or cyto-pathologic confirmation.…”

“…6,7 CCM analysis extends the principles of biomicroscopy to the microscopic range, scanning the examined tissue layer by layer (5-20 mm 'slices') by changing the plane of focus of the detector source. [6][7][8] Only few data were reported about CCM analysis of ocular surface tumours. [11][12][13] Duchateau et al 11 reported three cases of OSSN analysed with CM, concluding that this method could be a diagnostic aid especially for clinically atypical lesions.…”

“…1 Clinical confocal microscopy (CCM) obtains in vivo high-resolution optical images of human corneal layers and conjunctiva. [6][7][8] The key features of CCM is its ability to produce in-focus images of thin slices (5-20 mm) within a maximum depth of 1000 mm, a process known as optical sectioning. 8 The aim of this study was to analyse in vivo structural and cellular features of OSSN using clinical confocal microscopy.…”