Confluence of Self-Esteem Regulation Mechanisms: On Integrating the Self-Zoo

Tesser, Abraham; Crepaz, Nicole; Collins, Jon C.; Cornell, David P.; Beach, Steven R. H.

doi:10.1177/01461672002612003

Cited by 140 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It is interesting that our results also correspond with Tesser et al's (Tesser & Cornell, 1991;Tesser, Crepaz, Beach, Cornell, & Collins, 2000) stand on selfesteem regulation. They argue that various self-esteemaffecting mechanisms act interchangeably to serve the common goal of maintaining positive self-esteem.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Different selves have different effects: Self-activation and defensive social comparison

Schwinghammer¹,

Stapel²,

Blanton³

2005

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Different selves have different effectsSchwinghammer, S.A.; Stapel, D.A.; Blanton, H. General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research -You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain -You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Empirical tests of this model have focused mainly on behavioral outcomes (e.g., altering the performance of the comparison other) or on affect (see Tesser, 1988;Tesser et al, 2000;Tesser, Millar, & Moore, 1988). In the present studies, we have found similar results while focusing directly on self-evaluations.…”

Section: Sem Processes and The Self-systemsupporting

confidence: 75%

Different selves have different effects: Self-activation and defensive social comparison

Schwinghammer¹,

Stapel²,

Blanton³

2005

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…Moreover, supporting the idea of interchangeability or fluidity in self-defensive processes, aYrmation of an important value reduces people's tendency to sabotage the performance of friends working on intellectual tasks (Tesser & Cornell, 1991). People are also more likely to spontaneously self-aYrm, for example, by writing essays with more self-aYrming content, after making a self-threatening upward comparison (Tesser, Crepaz, Collins, Cornell, & Beach, 2000).…”

Section: Self-affirmation Theorymentioning

confidence: 89%

The Psychology of Self‐defense: Self‐Affirmation Theory

Sherman¹,

Cohen²

2006

Advances in Experimental Social Psychology

1,181

1,423

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“…In contrast, when a motive is satisfied, identity shift is not expected because motive satisfaction does not require a compensatory response (e.g., Tesser, Crepaz, Collins, Cornell, & Beach, 2000). Thus, although we expect frustrated belonging to result in identity shift, satisfaction of the distinctiveness motive in dissimilar groups may not cause any identity shift associated with the distinctiveness motive.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 80%

Ethnic dissimilarity predicts belonging motive frustration and reduced organizational attachment

Kim

Ormiston

Easterbrook

et al. 2017

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Some empirical studies show negative consequences of being demographically different from one's group, but the underlying psychological mechanisms are not well understood. To address this gap, we investigated the role of the belonging and distinctiveness motives in individuals' experiences of being ethnically dissimilar from their group. We propose that ethnic dissimilarity satisfies group members' need for distinctiveness whereas it frustrates members' need for belonging, and this frustration reduces their organizational attachment. An experimental study showed that ethnic dissimilarity led to heightened arousal of the belonging motive, indicating that this motive was frustrated. In a naturalistic study of real-life student groups, ethnic dissimilarity was associated with frustrated belonging, which in turn was associated with reduced organizational attachment. This paper contributes to the literature of demographic dissimilarity in groups by closely examining the effect of demographic dissimilarity on group members' fundamental motives and reactions to group membership.Keywords: demographic dissimilarity; group diversity; belonging motive; distinctiveness motive; identity shift Running head: ETHNIC DISSIMILARITY AND THE BELONGING MOTIVE 2 Both academics and management practitioners highlight the value of demographic diversity, particularly with regards to group tasks. Diversity in work groups can lead to high quality group outcomes because of the varied perspectives and knowledge within the group (Cox, Lobel, & McLeod, 1991;McLeod, Lobel, & Cox, 1996), tolerance of dissenting ideas (Phillips & Loyd, 2006), and thorough information processing (Sommers, Warp, & Mahoney, 2008). However, diversity can also have detrimental effects on individual group members. Indeed, individuals who are demographically dissimilar from their group, at times, suffer from a host of individual problems, such as reduced satisfaction and commitment, as well as higher absenteeism and turnover (e.g., Chatman & Flynn, 2001;Guillaume, Brodbeck, & Riketta, 2012;Jackson et al., 1991;Liao, Joshi, & Chuang, 2004;Riordan & Shore, 1997;Tsui, Egan, & O'Reilly, 1992; but see Guillaume, Van Knippenberg, & Brodbeck, 2014).One key mechanism proposed to explain these negative effects is motivated identity construction, or how individuals define themselves to satisfy basic identity motives (Ashforth & Mael, 1989;Vignoles, 2011). Drawing on social identity (SIT; Tajfel & Turner, 1986) and self-categorization theories (SCT; Turner, Hogg, Oakes, Reicher, & Wetherell, 1987), group diversity researchers have suggested that group members routinely categorize themselves in relation to other members based on salient demographic Running head: ETHNIC DISSIMILARITY AND THE BELONGING MOTIVE 3 characteristics, and these self-definition processes affect members' experiences in groups through motive satisfaction/frustration (Chatman, Polzer, Barsade, & Neale, 1998;Tsui et al., 1992).Among several motives that can guide identity processes (Ashforth & Mael, 1989...

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Confluence of Self-Esteem Regulation Mechanisms: On Integrating the Self-Zoo

Cited by 140 publications

References 53 publications

Different selves have different effects: Self-activation and defensive social comparison

Different selves have different effects: Self-activation and defensive social comparison

The Psychology of Self‐defense: Self‐Affirmation Theory

Ethnic dissimilarity predicts belonging motive frustration and reduced organizational attachment

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