Conflicts over shared rivers: Resource scarcity or fuzzy boundaries?

Gleditsch, Nils Petter; Furlong, Kathryn; Hegre, Håvard; Lacina, Bethany; Owen, Taylor

doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2006.02.004

Cited by 194 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The work complements the bulk of efforts devoted to environmental security research, which tend to focus on observable forms of power and on violent forms of conflict (e.g. de Soysa 2000;Hartmann 2002;Qutub et al 2003;Dalby 2006;Gleditsch et al 2006;Le Billon 2007;Tarlock 2008). The political economy approach these authors take to the environment and conflict is welcome-particularly within what appears to be a resurgence of environmental determinism (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Transboundary water interaction II: the influence of ‘soft’ power

Zeitoun

Mirumachi

Warner

2010

Int Environ Agreements

140

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This paper seeks to broaden the analysis of transboundary water interaction, by examining and interpreting the influence of 'soft' power therein. The 'soft' power of persuasion is understood to be exercised through discursive and to a lesser extent ideational means, and is interpreted in terms of compliance related to distributive (conflictual) or integrative (consensual) ends (after Scott (1994)). The focus is on inter-state water conflicts in hegemonic political contexts, where, it is found, the 'first among equals' has a greater ability to exploit 'soft' power and to determine the outcome. 'Soft' power is also seen to influence the choices states make or avoid in their transboundary water interaction, which explains in part how treaties intending to manage conflict may in fact delay or perpetuate it. For example, 'soft' power can be used by the basin hegemon to frame inequitable forms of cooperation in a cooperative light, such that unfair and ultimately unsustainable transboundary arrangements are replicated by the international donor community. Non-hegemonic riparian states also employ their capacity of 'soft' power, though may find themselves with little choice other than to comply with the arrangement established by the basin hegemon. The findings stress the importance of analysts questioning claims of interaction promoted as 'cooperative', and of examining the 'soft' power plays that underlie all transboundary water arrangements. Exemplification is provided through transboundary river basins and aquifers around the globe.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Transboundary water interaction II: the influence of ‘soft’ power

Zeitoun

Mirumachi

Warner

2010

Int Environ Agreements

140

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show abstract

“…Segundo Gleditsch et al (2006), não se pode considerar mais que uma nação prejudique a outra em benefício próprio, utilizando a água como instrumento de pressão ou de obtenção de vantagens econômicas, ou mesmo bélica. A localização geográfica dos territórios dos países fronteiriços ou não, à montante ou à jusante de cursos d'água, bem como, e especialmente, a extensão dos mesmos na bacia hidrográfica, constituem fatores que influenciam fortemente as tendências de conflitos entre esses países.…”

Section: Geopolítica E Bacias Hidrográficasunclassified

Considerações sobre o Brasil e a geopolítica das bacias hidrográficas transfronteiriças

Steinke¹,

Hessel

Saito

2014

Geosul

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“…Boundary conflict, which often results from the creation of a fuzzy boundary, is a specific type of environmental conflict characterised by its nature: a boundary is shared between different actors, and if a boundary conflict exists, the contenders often lack access to resources within the conflicting areas (Gleditsch et al, 2006;Shmueli, 2008). Shmueli (2008) has identified different attributes of the contenders, which include attitudes, perceptions, interests and needs, that shape the level of the disputes and are strongly influenced by the geographical milieu in terms of both the human and physical landscapes.…”

Section: Municipal Boundary Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%