Conflict and collaboration in middle-aged and older couples: II. Cardiovascular reactivity during marital interaction.

Smith, Timothy W.; Uchino, Bert N.; Berg, Cynthia A.; Florsheim, Paul; Pearce, Gale; Hawkins, Melissa; Henry, Nancy J M; Beveridge, Ryan M.; Skinner, Michelle; Ko, Kelly J.; Olsen-Cerny, Chrisanna

doi:10.1037/a0016067

Cited by 76 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…40,41 Psychosocial stress, including occupational stress, social isolation, marital stress, and low socioeconomic status, have been associated with elevated blood pressure in the non-pregnant population. [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] The most commonly evaluated, however, is acute psychological stress. It has been postulated that stress and sleep disturbance interact to compound cardiovascular vulnerability.…”

Section: Psychosocial Correlates Of Sleep and Elevated Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Possible Target for Intervention?

Haney

Buysse²,

Okun³

2013

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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Sleep disturbances in the general population are associated with elevated blood pressure. This may be due to several mechanisms, including sympathetic activation and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disturbance. Elevated blood pressure in pregnancy can have devastating effects on both maternal and fetal health and is associated with increased risk for preeclampsia and poor delivery outcomes. Preliminary evidence suggests that mechanisms linking sleep and blood pressure in the general population may also hold in the pregnant population. However, the effects of disturbed sleep on physiologic mechanisms that may directly infl uence blood pressure in pregnancy have not been well studied. The role that sleep disturbance plays in gestational blood pressure elevation and its subsequent consequences warrant further investigation. This review evaluates the current literature on sleep disturbance and elevated blood pressure in pregnancy and proposes possible treatment interventions. T he association between sleep disturbances and elevated blood pressure has been extensively studied in the general population. However, relatively few studies have investigated this relationship in the pregnant population. Pregnancy predisposes women to a variety of sleep disturbances.1,2 Similar to non-pregnant individuals, sleep disturbance in pregnancy may be a risk factor for elevated blood pressure, which can lead to maternal and fetal morbidity . 3,4Gestational hypertension, defi ned as a blood pressure higher than 140/90 diagnosed after 20 weeks of gestation, is associated with fetal growth restriction and abruptio placentae and can predispose to preeclampsia, as well as cardiovascular disease later in lif e. 1,[4][5][6] There are few studies evaluating the link between sleep and blood pressure during pregnancy. In this paper, we fi rst review the relationship between sleep and blood pressure in non-pregnant adults. We then outline factors that predispose pregnant women to poor sleep. We conclude with a review of the emerging literature on the associations between sleep and blood pressure in pregnancy. SLEEP AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE NON-PREGNANT POPULATIONIn the U.S. the average sleep duration has decreased by 1.5-2 h/night, with > 30% of Americans sleeping < 6 h/night. 7This phenomenon and the concurrent increase in hypertension intimated a possible link between sleep duration and blood pressure. Recently, a series of epidemiological papers have noted an association between sleep duration (both short and long) and elevated blood press ure [8][9][10][11] ; for example, the Sleep Heart Health Study reported that participants who slept < 5 or ≥ 9 h/night had a greater frequency of hypertension than individuals sleeping

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Section: Psychosocial Correlates Of Sleep and Elevated Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Possible Target for Intervention?

Haney

Buysse²,

Okun³

2013

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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“…Marital conflict evokes increases in heart rate and blood pressure (Nealey-Moore, Smith, Uchino, Hawkins, & Olson-Cerny, 2007; T. W. Smith et al, 2009), a set of responses commonly labeled cardiovascular reactivity (Chida & Steptoe, 2010;Schwartz et al, 2003). Marital conflict also evokes release of stress hormones (e.g., cortisol) and inflammatory factors in the immune system, as well as suppression of other immune components (Kiecolt-Glaser et al, 2005;Robles & Kiecolt-Glaser, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Matters of the variable heart: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia response to marital interaction and associations with marital quality.

Smith

Cribbet

Nealey-Moore

et al. 2011

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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178

146

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Maintenance of relationship quality requires self-regulation of emotion and social behavior, and women often display greater effort in this regard than do men. Furthermore, such efforts can deplete the limited capacity for self-regulation. In recent models of self-regulation, resting level of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, quantified as high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), is an indicator of selfregulatory capacity, whereas transient increases in HF-HRV reflect self-regulatory effort. To test these hypotheses in marriage, 114 young couples completed measures of marital quality and a positive, neutral, or negative initial marital task, preceded and followed by resting baseline assessments of HF-HRV. Couples then discussed a current marital disagreement. Resting HF-HRV was correlated with marital quality, suggesting that capacity for self-regulation is associated with adaptive functioning in close relationships. For women but not men, the negative initial task produced a decrease in resting HF-HRV. This effect was mediated by the husbands' negative affect response to the task and their ratings of wives as controlling and directive. When the subsequent disagreement discussion followed the negative initial task, women displayed increased HF-HRV during the discussion but a decrease when it followed the neutral or positive task. The valence of the initial task had no effect on men's HF-HRV during disagreement. Negative marital interactions can reduce women's resting HF-HRV, with potentially adverse health consequences. Women's reduced health benefit from marriage might reflect the depleting effects on self-regulatory capacity of their greater efforts to manage relationship quality.

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“…The following are a subset of measures from a larger study on psychosocial and psychophysiological correlates of cardiovascular health (see Smith et al 2007Smith et al , 2009b.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appraisals of Spouse Affiliation and Control during Marital Conflict: Common and Specific Cognitive Correlates Among Facets of Negative Affectivity

et al. 2010

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The present study examined associations between individual differences in trait negative affect and appraisal biases during a marital conflict discussion in a sample of 300 middle-aged and older couples. We used the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) to quantify specific appraisal biases, defined as discrepancies between participant ratings of their spouses' levels of hostility, friendliness, and control during a marital disagreement relative to independent behavioral coding of these behavioral dimensions. Further, we examined the specific component affective traits (i.e., anxiety, depression, and anger) individually, as well as their independent effects in simultaneous analyses. Composite negative affectivity was associated with appraisals of the spouse as displaying more control, less friendliness, and more hostility than was evident in independent ratings. For the specific negative affects, depressive tendencies-and perhaps the closely related trait of anxiety-were associated with viewing the spouse as both more hostile and less warm or friendly than did independent observers. In contrast, individuals prone to anger perceived more control in their spouse's behavior than was rated by observers. The results support interpersonal and cognitive models of the role of appraisals in general negative affectivity and its specific components.

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Conflict and collaboration in middle-aged and older couples: II. Cardiovascular reactivity during marital interaction.

Cited by 76 publications

References 101 publications

Sleep and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Possible Target for Intervention?

Sleep and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Possible Target for Intervention?

Matters of the variable heart: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia response to marital interaction and associations with marital quality.

Appraisals of Spouse Affiliation and Control during Marital Conflict: Common and Specific Cognitive Correlates Among Facets of Negative Affectivity

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