Conflict and Cholera: Yemen's Man-Made Public Health Crisis and the Global Implications of Weaponizing Health

Blackburn, Christine Crudo; Lenze, Paul E.; Casey, Rachel Paige

doi:10.1089/hs.2019.0113

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Interestingly, this finding is supported by evidence of increased spatial spread of infectious diseases in countries heavily affected by conflicts [ 20 – 22 ]. The humanitarian crisis in Yemen, resulting from the ongoing devastating war, led to the largest and fastest spreading cholera epidemic worldwide [ 20 , 45 – 47 ]. In our context, these dynamics of spread would be consecutive to the migration flows of thousands of internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to war and conflict situations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modalities and preferred routes of geographic spread of cholera from endemic areas in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

et al. 2022

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Cholera is endemic along the Great Lakes Region, in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). From these endemic areas, also under perpetual conflicts, outbreaks spread to other areas. However, the main routes of propagation remain unclear. This research aimed to explore the modalities and likely main routes of geographic spread of cholera from endemic areas in eastern DRC. We used historical reconstruction of major outbreak expansions of cholera since its introduction in eastern DRC, maps of distribution and spatiotemporal cluster detection analyses of cholera data from passive surveillance (2000–2017) to describe the spread dynamics of cholera from eastern DRC. Four modalities of geographic spread and their likely main routes from the source areas of epidemics to other areas were identified: in endemic eastern provinces, and in non-endemic provinces of eastern, central and western DRC. Using non-parametric statistics, we found that the higher the number of conflict events reported in eastern DRC, the greater the geographic spread of cholera across the country. The present study revealed that the dynamics of the spread of cholera follow a fairly well-defined spatial logic and can therefore be predicted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modalities and preferred routes of geographic spread of cholera from endemic areas in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

et al. 2022

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“…Human displacements spread this illness across the Middle East—in some cases infected people living in refugee camps were then bitten by local sandflies to create new epidemic foci. Leishmaniasis also rose in Yemen from health system breakdowns caused by a proxy war between Iran and Saudi Arabia, as did cholera, resulting in one of the world’s largest epidemics, which peaked in 2017 5…”

Section: Political Instability and Social Collapsementioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19: a disaster five years in the making

Hotez

2021

BMJ

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“…66 Continuing civil unrest makes organising and bolstering healthcare efforts in Yemen extremely difficult. 67 The country relies heavily on external resources, specifically from the WHO, to support its medical capacity. The UN and its partners are urgently expanding hospital capacity in key population centres, including establishing 21 new ICUs in Covid-19-designated hospitals, adding to 38 existing ICUs.…”

Section: Enter Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%