Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale and Preliminary Testing of Short-Form Versions: A Calibration and Validation Study

Baker, Russell T.; Burton, Damon; Pickering, Michael; Start, Amanda

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-355-17

Cited by 15 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The overall findings of our CFA are consistent with previous results, 22 indicating that the 16-item scale does not meet model fit recommendations, and the solution presents with model misspecification and constructs that have multicollinearity bordering on singularity. 19,20,24 Therefore, item removal is necessary to effectively measure the unique subconstructs (ie, impairments, functional limitations, and disability) of disablement 8,12,34 that were originally intended in the creation of the DPA scale.…”

Section: Confirmatory Factor Analysissupporting

confidence: 82%

“…If a model exceeded the v 2 DIFF but met the CFI DIFF , invariance testing continued. Competitive athlete A participant who engages in a sport activity that requires at least 1 preparticipation examination; regular attendance at scheduled practices, conditioning sessions, or both; and a coach who leads practices, competitions, or both 12 Recreational athlete A participant who meets the criteria for physical activity and is involved in sport but does not meet the criteria for competitive status 12 Occupational athlete A participant who meets the criteria for physical activity for occupation or recreation but does not meet the criteria for a competitive or recreational athlete 22 a Adapted with permission. 12,22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Volunteers who were physically active were included in the study; those with chronic pain were excluded (Table 1). 12,22,23 Individuals who were not in the specified age group (age range ¼ 14-40 years) or were not in one of the specified athletic status classifications (competitive, recreational, or occupational) were also excluded from data collection. Participants were grouped by predefined physical activity categories (competitive athlete [eg, National Collegiate Athletic Association student-athlete], recreational athlete [eg, an individual who is active on a universitysponsored recreation team], occupational athlete, [eg, an individual who engages in weight lifting]) that established the athletic status classification ( Table 2).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DPA scale is a PRO scale a Adapted with permission. 12,22 O n l i n e F i r s t thought to measure 4 factors using 16 items. The first 3 constructs-impairments, functional limitations, and disability-are first-order factors of the higher-order construct, disablement.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurement properties of the scale have never been evaluated to determine how sex, age, activity level, or stage of musculoskeletal injury (ie, acute, subacute, or chronic) of respondents completing the scale affect model fit. In addition, further psychometric assessment of overall model fit is needed because of the limited study 22 to date of the scale involving a large, heterogeneous sample. Therefore, the purposes of our study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the DPA scale in a large sample using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) procedures and assess invariance (ie, equal factor variances, equal factor covariance, and equal means) of the scale across sex, age, injury status (injured or healthy), and athletic status (competitive, recreational, or occupational athlete).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invariance Testing of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale

Baker

Casanova

Pickering

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context The increased emphasis on implementing evidence-based practice has reinforced the need to more accurately assess patient improvement. Psychometrically sound, patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are essential for evaluating patient care. A PRO instrument that may be useful for clinicians is the Disablement in the Physically Active (DPA) scale. Before adopting this scale, however, researchers must evaluate its psychometric properties, particularly across subpopulations. Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of the DPA scale in a large sample using confirmatory factor analysis procedures and assess structural invariance of the scale across sex, age, injury status, and athletic status groups. Design Observational study. Setting Twenty-two clinical sites. Participants Of 1445 physically active individuals recruited from multiple athletic training clinical sites, data from 1276 were included in the analysis. Respondents were either healthy or experiencing an acute, subacute, or persistent musculoskeletal injury. Main Outcome Measure(s) A confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the full sample, and multigroup invariance testing was conducted to assess differences across sex, age, injury status, and athletic status. Given the poor model fit, alternate model generation was used to identify a more parsimonious factor structure. Results The DPA scale did not meet contemporary fit index recommendations or the criteria to demonstrate structural invariance. We identified an 8-item model that met the model fit recommendations using alternate model generation. Conclusions The 16-item DPA scale did not meet the model fit recommendations and may not be the most parsimonious or reliable measure for assessing disablement and quality of life. Use of the 16-item DPA scale across subpopulations of interest is not recommended. More examination involving a true cross-validation sample should be completed on the 8-item DPA scale before this scale is adopted in research and practice.

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Section: Confirmatory Factor Analysissupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invariance Testing of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale

Baker

Casanova

Pickering

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

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When CAT is not an option: complementary methods of test abbreviation for neurocognitive batteries

Moore

Butler

Scott

et al. 2020

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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Exploring the Psychometric Properties of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale Short Form-8 in Adolescents

Holman¹,

Casanova²,

Baker³

2021

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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Context: Patient-reported outcomes are widely used in health care. The Disablement in the Physically Active (DPA) Scale Short Form-8 (SF-8) was recently proposed as a valid scale for the physically active population. However, further psychometric testing of the DPA SF-8 has not been completed, and scale structure has not been assessed using a sample of adolescent athletes. Objective: To assess scale structure of the DPA SF-8 in a sample of adolescent high-school athletes. Main Outcome Measure(s): Adolescent athletes (n = 289) completed the DPA SF-8. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the scale. Results: The CFA of the DPA SF-8 indicated that the model exceeded recommended fit indices (Comparative Fit Index = .976, Tucker–Lewis Index = .965, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = .061, and Bollen’s Incremental Fit Index = .976). All factor loadings were significant and ranged from .62 to .86. Modification indices did not suggest that meaningful cross-loadings were present or additional specifications that could further maximize fit or parsimony. Conclusions: The CFA of the DPA SF-8 met contemporary model fit recommendations in the adolescent athlete population. The results confirmed initial findings supporting the psychometric properties of the DPA SF-8 as well as the uniqueness of the quality-of-life and physical summary factors in an adolescent population. Further research (eg, reliability, invariance between groups, minimal clinically important differences, etc) is warranted to inform scale use in clinical practice and research.

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Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale and Preliminary Testing of Short-Form Versions: A Calibration and Validation Study

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Invariance Testing of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale

Invariance Testing of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale

When CAT is not an option: complementary methods of test abbreviation for neurocognitive batteries

Exploring the Psychometric Properties of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale Short Form-8 in Adolescents

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