Confirmation of Thiobacillus denitrificans as a species of the genus Thiobacillus, in the beta-subclass of the Proteobacteria, with strain NCIMB 9548 as the type strain.

Kelly, Donovan P.; Wood, Ann P.

doi:10.1099/00207713-50-2-547

Cited by 147 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Following the reclassification of numerous ␣-, ␤-, and ␥-proteobacterial species previously classified as Thiobacillus spp., only three ␤-proteobacteria are now securely placed in that genus: T. thioparus, T. denitrificans, and T. aquaesulis (47,49). Of these, the last is a moderate thermophile and only T. denitrificans is capable of strictly chemolithotrophic anaerobic growth with denitrification using inorganic sulfur-compound oxidation as the sole source of energy (46,49).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thiobacillus denitrificans, first isolated by Beijerinck over a century ago (4), was one of the first nonfilamentous bacteria ever described to be capable of growth on inorganic sulfur compounds as sole energy sources (47,49). Characterized by its ability to conserve energy from the oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds under either aerobic or denitrifying conditions, T. denitrificans is the best studied of the very few obligate chemolithoautotrophic species known to couple denitrification to sulfur-compound oxidation (Thiomicrospira denitrificans and Thioalkalivibrio thiocyanodenitrificans also have this ability [76,85]).…”

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The Genome Sequence of the Obligately Chemolithoautotrophic, Facultatively Anaerobic Bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans

et al. 2006

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The complete genome sequence of Thiobacillus denitrificans ATCC 25259 is the first to become available for an obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-compound-oxidizing, ␤-proteobacterium. Analysis of the 2,909,809-bp genome will facilitate our molecular and biochemical understanding of the unusual metabolic repertoire of this bacterium, including its ability to couple denitrification to sulfur-compound oxidation, to catalyze anaerobic, nitrate-dependent oxidation of Fe(II) and U(IV), and to oxidize mineral electron donors. Notable genomic features include (i) genes encoding c-type cytochromes totaling 1 to 2 percent of the genome, which is a proportion greater than for almost all bacterial and archaeal species sequenced to date, (ii) genes encoding two [NiFe]hydrogenases, which is particularly significant because no information on hydrogenases has previously been reported for T. denitrificans and hydrogen oxidation appears to be critical for anaerobic U(IV) oxidation by this species, (iii) a diverse complement of more than 50 genes associated with sulfurcompound oxidation (including sox genes, dsr genes, and genes associated with the AMP-dependent oxidation of sulfite to sulfate), some of which occur in multiple (up to eight) copies, (iv) a relatively large number of genes associated with inorganic ion transport and heavy metal resistance, and (v) a paucity of genes encoding organic-compound transporters, commensurate with obligate chemolithoautotrophy. Ultimately, the genome sequence of T. denitrificans will enable elucidation of the mechanisms of aerobic and anaerobic sulfurcompound oxidation by ␤-proteobacteria and will help reveal the molecular basis of this organism's role in major biogeochemical cycles (i.e., those involving sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon) and groundwater restoration.Thiobacillus denitrificans, first isolated by Beijerinck over a century ago (4), was one of the first nonfilamentous bacteria ever described to be capable of growth on inorganic sulfur compounds as sole energy sources (47, 49). Characterized by its ability to conserve energy from the oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds under either aerobic or denitrifying conditions, T. denitrificans is the best studied of the very few obligate chemolithoautotrophic species known to couple denitrification to sulfur-compound oxidation (Thiomicrospira denitrificans and Thioalkalivibrio thiocyanodenitrificans also have this ability [76,85]). Despite many years of work on the biochemistry of inorganic sulfur-compound oxidation by Thiobacillus thioparus and T. denitrificans, the mechanisms of oxidation and how they are coupled to energy conservation are still not well understood in these ␤-proteobacteria, relative to the advances made with facultatively chemolithotrophic ␣-proteobacterial genera, such as Paracoccus and Starkeya (28,39,45,50). The availability of the complete genome sequence should enable elucidation of the sulfur-oxidation pathway(s) and lead to specifically focused biochemical investigations to resolve these knowledge gaps.Rec...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Genome Sequence of the Obligately Chemolithoautotrophic, Facultatively Anaerobic Bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans

et al. 2006

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“…In this article, it is reported that the widely distributed, obligate chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans, known for its ability to couple the oxidation of various S-and Fe(II)-containing electron donors with denitrification (8,15), is capable of anaerobic, nitrate-dependent oxidative dissolution of synthetic and biogenic U(IV) oxides. T. denitrificans has relevance to certain uranium-contaminated sites, as this species (or species with Ͼ98% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) was found to account for a relatively large proportion of the bacterial community from an open-pit uranium mine (representing ϳ24% of the 16S rRNA gene clones analyzed [16]).…”

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Anaerobic, Nitrate-Dependent Oxidation of U(IV) Oxide Minerals by the Chemolithoautotrophic Bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans

Beller

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

141

116

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Under anaerobic conditions and at circumneutral pH, cells of the widely distributed, obligate chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans oxidatively dissolved synthetic and biogenic U(IV) oxides (uraninite) in nitrate-dependent fashion: U(IV) oxidation required the presence of nitrate and was strongly correlated with nitrate consumption. This is the first report of anaerobic U(IV) oxidation by an autotrophic bacterium

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“…Thiobacillus denitrificans is mainly characterized by its ability to grow as a facultative anaerobic and chemolithoautotroph microorganism [56]. This organism can carry out denitrification and sulfur oxidation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In denitrification, Thiobacillus may use sulfur compounds and nitrate, nitrite or nitrous oxide as terminal respiratory oxidants, but the sulfur oxidizing enzymes involved in aerobic or anaerobic conditions are still unknown. Moreover, the optimal temperature for the growth of Thiobacillus is 28 to 32 °C with a pH of 6 to 7.4 [56,57], i.e. the temperature range found in the anaerobic digester studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and quantification of microbial populations in activated sludge and anaerobic digestion processes

Reyes

Borrás

Seco

et al. 2014

Environmental Technology

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Identification and quantification of microbial populations in activated sludge and anaerobic digestion processesEight different phenotypes were studied in an activated sludge process (AeR) and anaerobic digester (AnD) in a full-scale WWTP by means of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and automated FISH quantification software. The phenotypes were: ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), denitrifying bacteria, phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO), glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), methanotrophic bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Some findings were unexpected: (a) Presence of PAO, GAO and denitrifiers in the AeR possibly due to unexpected environmental conditions caused by oxygen deficiencies or its ability to survive aerobically; (b) Presence of SRB in the AeR due to high sulfate content of wastewater intake and possibly also due to digested sludge being recycled back into the primary clarifier; (c) Presence of methanogenic archaea in the AeR, which can be explained by the recirculation of digested sludge and its ability to survive periods of high oxygen levels; (d) Presence of denitrifying bacteria in the AnD which cannot be fully explained because the nitrate level in the AnD was not measured. However, other authors reported the existence of denitrifiers in environments where nitrate or oxygen was not present suggesting that denitrifiers can survive in nitrate-free anaerobic environments by carrying out low-level fermentation; (e) The results of this paper are relevant because focus on the identification of nearly all the significant bacterial and archaeal groups of microorganisms with a known phenotype involved in the biological wastewater treatment.Keywords: microbial diversity, FISH, phenotype, activated sludge, anaerobic digester IntroductionThe heart of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a dense microbial consortium in which organic and nutrient contaminants are removed, mainly by bacteria and archaea.There is, therefore, great interest in identifying the structure of this consortium and the functions of the groups of bacteria and archaea it is composed of.Many studies have investigated the diversity of microbial populations. Such studies now increasingly use molecular techniques that do not need the microorganisms to be isolated or cultivated, e.g. 16S rRNA analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Other techniques such as microautoradiography-fluorescence in situ hybridization (MAR-FISH) have also been used to identify the bacterial community phylum level and phenotype in wastewater [1], along with other techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) [2], and pyrosequencing [3,4]. In other words, some studies using molecular techniques have been conducted to identify the microorganisms involved in the removal of nutrients such as phosphorus [5,6,7] and nitrogen [8,9,10,11,12,13], whilst other studies have focused on methanogenic archaea [14,15] and...

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Confirmation of Thiobacillus denitrificans as a species of the genus Thiobacillus, in the beta-subclass of the Proteobacteria, with strain NCIMB 9548 as the type strain.

Abstract: NOTE Confirmation of Thiobacillus denitrificans as a species of the genus

Cited by 147 publications

References 29 publications

The Genome Sequence of the Obligately Chemolithoautotrophic, Facultatively Anaerobic Bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans

The Genome Sequence of the Obligately Chemolithoautotrophic, Facultatively Anaerobic Bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans

Anaerobic, Nitrate-Dependent Oxidation of U(IV) Oxide Minerals by the Chemolithoautotrophic Bacterium Thiobacillus denitrificans

Identification and quantification of microbial populations in activated sludge and anaerobic digestion processes

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