Confirmation of a pesticide-resistant strain of Western flower thrips in New Zealand

Martin, Nicholas A.; Workman, P.J.

doi:10.30843/nzpp.1994.47.11062

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Japanese records before 1990 are from quarantine interceptions; for example, on a ship from Hawaii in 1934 (Kurosawa, 1941). An insecticide‐resistant strain was first recorded in New Zealand in 1992 and is thought to be a new arrival rather than a change in the existing ‘lupin strain’ (Martin & Workman, 1994). On each continent, it has established itself and spread rapidly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mound, personal communication, 2001), which supports the role of temperature, and thus dark forms may be rare in glasshouses because of higher temperatures, rather than because of the genetics of the strain. The distinctive feature of the ‘glasshouse strain’ is insecticide resistance, which is much higher than in some field populations in California or in the ‘lupin strain’ in New Zealand (Brødsgaard, 1994; Martin & Workman, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any associated crop damage, such as outbreaks of tospovirus, would also have ensured prompt identification. A curious exception to the distribution was a population of the western flower thrips in New Zealand, for which there are specimens from as early as 1934 (Mound & Walker, 1982; Martin & Workman, 1994). It is abundant on introduced tree lupin Lupinus arboreus Sims in sand dunes and must have resulted from an early accidental introduction (Mound, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spread of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

Kirk

Terry

2003

Agri and Forest Entomology

395

291

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1 Since the late 1970s, the western flower thrips has spread from its original distribution in western North America to become a major worldwide crop pest. 2 A wide range of data sources have been used to map the original distribution in the U.S.A. and Canada, and the progress of the spread in the U.S.A., Canada, Europe, northern Africa and Australia. 3 The possible reasons for the start of the spread are discussed. The most likely reason is that intensive insecticide use in horticulture in the 1970s and 1980s selected an insecticide resistant strain or strains. These then established in glasshouses across North America and spread from there to Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. 4 The international spread of the western flower thrips occurred predominantly by the movement of horticultural material, such as cuttings, seedlings and potted plants. Within Europe, an outward spread from the original outbreak in the Netherlands is discernible. The speed of spread was 229 AE 20 km/year. 5 The spread has not been restricted to glasshouses. The western flower thrips has established outdoors in areas with milder winters; for example, across the southern U.S.A., southern Europe and Australia. It also overwinters in some regions with colder winters. 6 Polyphagous phytophagous thrips have many factors predisposing them to become worldwide crop pests, particularly in glasshouses. Some other species that might spread in a similar way to the western flower thrips are listed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spread of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

Kirk

Terry

2003

Agri and Forest Entomology

395

291

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“…Topical bioassays probably under‐estimate the efficacy of pesticides when they are used in greenhouses, because thrips do not spend all their time on treated surfaces and tests only lasted 24 h 13. In addition, topical applications do not fully account for effects of ingestion, repellence or attraction by the pesticide 13. Thus, results of bioassays and the efficacy of the insecticides tested are evaluated relative to values for the reference MLFOM strain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance in field populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in Murcia (south‐east Spain)

Espinosa

Bielza

Contreras

et al. 2002

Pest Management Science

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Thirty-nine field populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) were collected from different crops (sweet pepper, tomato, lettuce, artichoke, melon, cucumber, carnation, broad bean, peach and plum) in Murcia (south-east Spain). All populations were reared separately in the laboratory to obtain enough individuals for bioassays. Female thrips were bioassayed, using a standard topical application method, against methiocarb, methamidophos, acrinathrin, endosulfan, deltamethrin and formetanate. Methiocarb was the only insecticide that showed a high efficacy against F occidentalis at field dose rates. Acrinathrin and methamidophos were moderately effective, while endosulfan and deltamethrin were ineffective. Only moderate levels of resistance (Resistance Ratios at LC50 of 10-30) were detected for the selective insecticides methiocarb, formetanate and acrinathrin used against F occidentalis in crops where these insecticides are used intensively. This generalized and low level of resistance to these insecticides, coupled with a lack of efficacy for the three broad-spectrum insecticides, was observed even in intensively managed vegetable crops. Implementation of IPM strategies in Murcia has contributed to more successful insecticide anti-resistance management.

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“…In New Zealand, a putatively large monophagous population of WFT can also be found in the flowers of yellow tree lupins, Lupinus arboreus Sims (Fabaceae) (Mound & Walker, 1982). The 'lupin' WFT genotype is not considered to be a pest of crop plants either in the glasshouse or field, is morphologically identical to the 'glasshouse' WFT genotype (Mound & Walker, 1982;Mound, 2005), is highly susceptible to insecticides (Martin & Workman, 1994), and exhibits significant differences to the 'glasshouse' WFT in some life-history parameters (Nielsen et al, 2010). These factors, and recent studies on the molecular range of variation within WFT (Brunner & Frey, 2010;Rugman-Jones et al, 2010), strongly suggest that the 'glasshouse' and 'lupin' genotypes are closer to being different species than different populations of one species, with the 'lupin' genotypes being referred to as a separate cryptic non-pest species of WFT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory responses of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) populations to a non‐pheromone lure

Nielsen

Worner

Rostás

et al. 2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a major pest of horticultural crops worldwide. The search for alternative pest management techniques has resulted in increasing interest in the use of kairomones and other behaviour-modifying chemicals to mitigate the impact of this pest. In this study, we determined whether the origin of populations, feeding history, and/or genotype influence the response of WFT to the thrips kairomone lure methyl isonicotinate (MI) in a Y-tube olfactometer study. Four New Zealand thrips populations were tested:(1) from a commercial glasshouse capsicum crop, (2) from a long-established laboratory colony (>222 generations) kept on chrysanthemums, (3) from a laboratory colony (6-9 generations) kept on French dwarf beans, and (4) thought to be a separate cryptic non-pest species from outdoor yellow tree lupins, Lupinus arboreus Sims (Fabaceae). In the laboratory tests, significantly more WFT from all four populations chose the MI-laden arm of a Y-tube olfactometer when it contained 1 ll methyl isonicotinate (61.3-73.2%) compared with the blank no-odour arm. No differences in response to MI were found between the two laboratory and the one glasshouse WFT populations. Both laboratory populations and the greenhouse population belonged to the 'glasshouse pest' genotype of WFT. However, the cryptic non-pest WFT genotype responded more strongly to MI than any of the other populations, although the response was only significantly stronger than that of the longestablished laboratory population. Significant differences were also found among populations in the average time taken for thrips to make a choice to enter either arm of the Y-tube olfactometer, with the cryptic non-pest lupin genotype taking the shortest time, followed by thrips from the capsicum glasshouse. The results are discussed with respect to the variability in olfactory perception and olfactory behaviour within a species and the relevance to the use of such a kairomone lure in pest management programmes.

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Confirmation of a pesticide-resistant strain of Western flower thrips in New Zealand

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

The spread of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

The spread of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

Insecticide resistance in field populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in Murcia (south‐east Spain)

Olfactory responses of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) populations to a non‐pheromone lure

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