Confirmation bias in visual search.

Abstract

In a series of experiments, we investigated the ubiquity of confirmation bias in cognition by measuring whether visual selection is prioritized for information that would confirm a proposition about a visual display. We show that attention is preferentially deployed to stimuli matching a target template, even when alternate strategies would reduce the number of searches necessary. We argue that this effect is an involuntary consequence of goal-directed processing, and show that it can be reduced when ample time is provided to prepare for search. These results support the notion that capacity-limited cognitive processes contribute to the biased selection of information that characterizes confirmation bias. (PsycINFO Database Record

Deservingness in the eye of the beholder: A vignette study on the moderating role of cultural profiles in supporting activation policies

“…Our expectation was that differences between people in their reactions to welfare beneficiaries who meet, or fail to meet, a deservingness criterion could be attributed to their cultural profiles. One of the underlying reasons is that people, once they have formed an opinion on issues such as welfare, defending or justifying that opinion becomes their primary aim (Rajsic, Wilson, & Pratt, ). Moreover, people will use these overarching cultural profiles to ‘develop a particular conceptualization of an issue or reorient their thinking about an issue’ (Chong & Druckman, , p. 104; see also Gamson & Modigliani, ; Scheufele, ).…”

On the Influence of Action Preference on Female Players' Gaze Behavior During Defense of Volleyball Attacks

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