Confinement of (S)-serine in tetra-p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene bilayers

Lanthanide‐Hinged Calixarene Bicapsules: Discrete Hexanuclear LnIII/Phenanthroline/p‐Sulfonatocalix[4]arene Oligomers (Ln = Gd, Tb)

“…The striking feature of both structures is the lanthanide-hinged calixarene bicapsules, i.e. hexanuclear Ln 6 (phenanthroline) 6 (C4AS) 4 units. The calixarene bicapsules are interconnected by π-stacking interactions to form 2D wavelike layers that are further connected to form a 3D extended structure by C-H···π interactions and additional molecular interactions.…”

“…[5] The (S)-serine and C4AS system is more complex because the introduction of additional sodium or cesium leads to the formation of bridged 2D capsule layers (with a fourfold excess of sodium chloride) or 1D capsule chains (with a twofold excess of cesium bromide). [6] Another exception is the lanthanide and C4AS system. 1D coordination capsule chains bridged by sodium cations form in the scandium and C4AS system in the absence of [18]-crown-6, whereas a 2D capsule-layer structure is found in which an 'up' and a 'down' calixarene unit from two neighboring Sc-coordinated calixarene sheets form a structure to encapsulate the crown-ether molecule.…”

Guests inducing p-sulfonatocalix[4]arenes into nanocapsule and layer structure

“…Among these calixarenes, p-sulfonatocalix [4]arene has been mostly investigated due to its ability to retain a cone conformation in both solution and the solid state and its ease of synthesis. p-Sulfonatocalix[n]arenes possessing the cavities show the inclusion properties for various guests such as organic molecules or metal complexes, and coordination abilities to metal ions; which make these hosts as versatile synthons for constructing supramolecular assemblies.…”

“…Among these, the self-assembly sulfonated calix[n]arenes into multi-component capsule is a significant challenge that has been attracting attention in recent times. Most capsules focus on the use of the sulfonated calix [4,5]arenes to construct novel nanostructures by combining the supramolecular interactions such as coordination, electrostatic, hydrogen-bonding, and van deer Waals interactions. When suitable guests are employed in these systems, highly charge anionic capsules, or superanions, may be formed by the head to head dimerization of two such calixarenes.…”

“…p-Sulfonatocalix[n]arenes possessing the cavities show the inclusion properties for various guests such as organic molecules or metal complexes, and coordination abilities to metal ions; which make these hosts as versatile synthons for constructing supramolecular assemblies. The self-assembly sulfonated calix[n]arenes can afford various wonderful structures such as nanometer scale spheroidal, nanotube [2], stranded helices [3], bilayer [4], porous material [5], capsules [6], etc., which depend on the guest molecules and metal ions. Among these, the self-assembly sulfonated calix[n]arenes into multi-component capsule is a significant challenge that has been attracting attention in recent times.…”