Confined photo-catalytic oxidation: a fast surface hydrophilic modification method for polymeric materials

Functionalization of polymeric surfaces by simple photoactivation of CH bonds

“…With a simple sandwich setup, 24,25 HBSA with X ¼ SO 3 H as the reactant was first investigated to introduce the ASO 3 H groups onto the film surfaces. The effect of acetone/H 2 O ratios in the reaction mixture was investigated, where acetone/H 2 O (v/v) ratios include 10/0, 9/1, 7/3, 5/5, 3/7, and 1/9.…”

“…By the modeling study and experimental investigation of the low pressure plasma fluorination of polypropylene, Kushner and coworkers 23 reported the surface reaction mechanism including a hierarchy of H abstraction and F/F 2 passivation reactions, as well as crosslinking, and ion-and photon-activated processes. In recent years, there have been some accomplishments involving the direct transformation of inert surface CAH bond into specific functionalities, such as a monolayer of SO 4 À or AOH by a confined photocatalytic oxidation, 24 tertiary amino groups by UV-induced surface aminolysis in the presence of DMF onto the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), 25 and ACOOH on PET by UV and plasma treatments. 26 But it still remains a great challenge to develop a versatile and efficient approach to introduce desired polar/reactive groups onto the polymer surfaces.…”

Non-Calcium Inorganic Materials Fabrication by Surface-Immobilized Organic Molecular Template

“…In 2003, we for the first time found that when a very thin persulfate salt aqueous solution layer (μm) was sandwiched between two polymer films and strong UV light irradiated the assembly from the side transparent to UV light, a fast surface hydrophilic modification method for most of commercial polymeric materials was developed (Figure 2) (Yang et al, 2003). For example, irradiating for 90 s and using 30 wt% ammonium persulfate, the static surface water contact angles of polymeric substrates decreased from 100º to 44º for low-density polyethylene (LDPE), from 107º to 34º for high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and from 73º to 15º for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET).…”

“…The possible reaction model for surface oxidation by persulfates: the conventional and the "sandwich" methods. Reproduced from (Yang et al, 2003). Copyright from Elsevier.…”

“…Nevertheless, their mediation ability is not compromised by their tiny size and often very useful in advanced material and devices fabrication process. In 2003-2010, we continuously reported three novel confined photochemical reaction systems on polymer surface (Yang et al, 2003Gan et al, 2009 and, which are eligible to convert directly C-H on polymer surface to well-defined reactive sulfate, hydroxyl and carboxyl monolayers. These organic functional groups are further used as molecular template to direct the nucleation and micro/nano-scale assembly of inorganic and metal oxides including silicon oxide (SiO x ), titatnium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO).…”