Configuration of daily grazing and searching of growing beef cattle in grassland: observational study

Caram, N.; Casalás, F.; Soca, P.; Anfuso, V; García-Favre, J.; Wallau, Marcelo; Zanoniani, Ramiro; Cadenazzi, Mónica; Boggiano, P.

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100336

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Based on the protocol developed by Gonçalves, Carvalho, Devincenzi, et al (2009), Gonçalves, Carvalho, Silva, et al (2009) and Bremm et al (2012, 2016), each experimental unit was grazed twice by the same four heifers, in two grazing cycles within an 18‐day period. To account for the variation in grazing behavior between the morning and the afternoon (Caram et al, 2021; Gibb et al, 1998), experimental units, which were grazed in the morning during the first cycle, were then grazed in the afternoon during the second cycle. A total of 80 grazing evaluations (five HA levels, replicated twice in space [totaling 10 experimental units] and twice in time [grazing cycle] and four heifers) were conducted between March 1 and 18, 2010.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate grazing intensities modulate canopy structure that influences short‐term intake rate of heifers grazing a natural grassland

Wallau,

Neves,

Caram

et al. 2023

Grassland Science

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Grazing management frequently relies on forage availability as an indicator of performance. However, canopy structure and composition can play an important role in foraging behavior and intake in native grasslands. Here, we aim to (1) assess the effect of grazing management on herbage biomass, tussock cover, average canopy and inter‐tussock canopy height, and to (2) study the effect of these canopy structure components on short‐term intake rate (STIR) and patch selectivity of beef cattle, in a native grassland in the Campos region in southern Brazil. Ten 1000 m2 experimental units were built in five paddocks (two per paddock) managed with different herbage allowance (HA) treatments: four fixed year‐round HA (1 to 4 kg dry matter [DM]/kg live weight [LW]) and one variable HA (2 and 3 kg DM/kg LW during spring and the rest of the year, respectively). The experimental units were grazed individually with four heifers during 45 min, in two grazing cycles. Before each grazing session, we assessed the total herbage mass, average and inter‐tussock canopy height, and tussock cover. During the 45‐min grazing sessions, we evaluated the STIR (g DM/kg LW0.75/min) and grazing time in tussock and inter‐tussock strata. Increasing the HA increased the total herbage mass, canopy height and tussock cover. The STIR was maximized with herbage mass of 2200 kg DM/ha and a tussock cover of ~7%, canopy structures related with moderate grazing intensities (i.e., 2 and 3 kg DM/kg LW), which increased the selection opportunity by herbivores. Canopy structures associated with heavy (1 kg DM/kg LW) and lenient grazing intensity (4 kg DM/kg LW) determined linear decreases of 50% in STIR.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate grazing intensities modulate canopy structure that influences short‐term intake rate of heifers grazing a natural grassland

Wallau,

Neves,

Caram

et al. 2023

Grassland Science

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“…La figura 9 muestra los principales resultados obtenidos para los tres modelos testeados. Los valores de R 2 de 0,69 (P < 0,01) para la producción de forraje, de 0,84 (P < 0,01) para la producción de carne y 0,73 (P < 0.01) para las variables climáticas, indicaron que la precisión de los modelos de árbol de decisión es confiable en sus predicciones (Flores, 2016, Caram et al, 2021. Además, dejan en evidencia que, si bien las variables climáticas en especial radiación, temperatura y precipitación son extremadamente importantes en determinar la producción, las mismas deben ser correctamente aprovechadas con un adecuado manejo del pastoreo de la biomasa disponible y cosechada (desaparecida) para poder alcanzar altas producciones de forraje y carne, manteniendo una adecuada composición botánica de la pastura.…”

Section: Evaluación Del Modelounclassified

Principales factores biológicos y de manejo que afectan la productividad primaria y secundaria de pasturas sembradas en un clima sub-tropical húmedo

Zanoniani,

García-Favre,

et al. 2024

Agro sur

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Con el objetivo de evaluar la producción animal y vegetal de pasturas sembradas se evaluó durante 4 años una mezcla de Festuca arundinacea, Lotus corniculatus y Trifolium repens, manejadas a tres dotaciones animales (2, 4, 6 novillos ha-1). Se utilizó un DBCA con tres bloques dispuestos según la pendiente, las variables fueron analizadas mediante Anava, y árboles de clasificación y decisión (CART) con el paquete estadístico R. Del análisis mediante árboles de decisión del comportamiento de la producción de forraje surge que independientemente de la edad y dotación animal la mayor respuesta vegetal y animal se relacionó con la estación del año. La primavera presentó la mayor producción primaria y secundaria, explicada por inicialmente una alta radiación incidente, precipitaciones de 400 mm y hasta 24 ºC. Con dichas condiciones las variables de manejo que determinaron las mayores producciones fue el forraje desaparecido, indicando que el mismo se encuentra altamente relacionado a la calidad fotosintética del forraje remanente. En el resto de las estaciones (verano, otoño, invierno) las mayores producciones de forraje se alcanzaron con disponibles del orden de los 2000 kg/ha MS y los mínimos con situaciones extremas de 700 kg/ha MS. La producción de carne presentó similar comportamiento que la producción de forraje, siendo la primavera la estación de mayor productividad, cargas a cercanas a 1150 kg/ha de PV permitieron lograr producciones del orden de los 485 kg/ha de PV. Este comportamiento refuerza el mantenimiento de altas cargas en las estaciones de alta producción de forraje (primavera) para mantener la eficiencia fotosintética y calidad d las pasturas para lograr altas producciones de carne por superficie y la necesidad de terminar los animales antes del verano.

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“…According to Venturini et al (2018), high accumulation rates lead to high regrowth rates and new leaves, where the animal achieves good selectivity. Caram et al (2021) mentioned that by controlling forage allowance, FM, and pasture height, animals prioritize quality in the morning and quantity in the afternoon, integrating and changing the grazing-demand pattern.…”

Section: Winter Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of irrigation and supplementation on performance and ingestive behavior of beef cattle on mixed grass pastures

Bones,

Paris,

Costa

et al. 2023

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of beef cattle with two levels of energy-protein supplementation of low-consumption on African Bermudagrass pasture, overseeded in winter with oat and ryegrass, with or without irrigation. Twenty-four castrated Angus steers (11 months old and had an initial average of 220 kg body weight (BW)) were used in experimental area of 3.6 ha. The experiment was completely randomized in a 2×2 factorial design, with three replicates. The evaluation period was 249 days (July/2019 to March/2020). The treatments were: irrigated pasture with supplementation of 1 g/kg BW or 2.7 g/kg BW and non-irrigated pasture with 1 g/kg BW of supplement or 2.7 g/kg BW. The grazing method was continuous with a variable stocking rate. Irrigation provided pastures with better chemical composition in winter and spring. Irrigation increased the daily accumulation rate in winter (84.6 vs. 45.9 kg DM/ha/day), providing a greater stocking rate (1,702 vs. 1,385 kg/ha) and, consequently, body weight gain per hectare. Supplementation of 2.7 g/kg BW provided a greater stocking rate in winter (1,652 vs. 1,435 kg/ha) and spring (3,096 vs. 2,811 kg/ha), not changing in summer. The association of irrigation and supplementation of 2.7 vs. 1.0 g/kg BW improves the intake pattern by the animal in summer without changing productivity parameters. Irrigation increases productivity and the nutritional value of pasture with higher livestock production per area in periods of water deficit. The supply of 2.7 vs. 1.0 g/kg BW provides a greater stocking rate and body weight gain per hectare.

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Configuration of daily grazing and searching of growing beef cattle in grassland: observational study

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Moderate grazing intensities modulate canopy structure that influences short‐term intake rate of heifers grazing a natural grassland

Moderate grazing intensities modulate canopy structure that influences short‐term intake rate of heifers grazing a natural grassland

Principales factores biológicos y de manejo que afectan la productividad primaria y secundaria de pasturas sembradas en un clima sub-tropical húmedo

Influence of irrigation and supplementation on performance and ingestive behavior of beef cattle on mixed grass pastures

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