“…Without what Europeans regarded, and many still regard, as the civilizational attainments that Arabs had-a past tradition of monumental architecture, written languages, historical records, world religions-African men appeared closer to nature and therefore as enticingly, and sometimes threateningly, supersexed. When the memory of massive European enslavement of West African populations is added to this mix, an especially complex erotic field is created-as African American artist Kara Walker (1995), black British filmmaker Isaac Julien (1994), and black gay literary theorists like Robert Reid-Pharr (2001) and Darieck Scott (2010) have begun to explore.…”