Cone beam computerized tomography evaluation of incisive canal and anterior maxillary bone thickness for placement of immediate implants

Abstract

Purpose: Variation of dimensions of the nasopalatine canal and anterior maxillary bone thickness vary in relation to age, gender, edentulism, and ethnicity; thorough knowledge with regard to these landmarks is of vital importance prior to surgical procedures such as implant placement and local anesthesia in the anterior maxilla. Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) aids in accurate treatment planning in such situations. Subjects and Methods: A total of 300 participants were selected by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. CBCT was performed with Hyperion X9 CBCT Scanner. Images were reconstructed from the CBCT data using NNT image reconstruction software and visualized using multi-planar resolution screen. The dimensions of the nasopalatine foramen (NPF), the incisive canal (IC) and foramen, and anterior maxillary bone thickness were measured. Results: The mean diameter of NPF was found to be 3.27 mm, incisive foramen (IF) was 3.62 mm, IC was 2.12 mm. The average length of the IC was 10.66 mm. The IF was located at a mean distance of 13.81 mm away from the most anteroinferior point of the cortical plate of the labial bone of the maxilla. The anterior maxillary bone was the thickest at the nasal spine level (10.94 mm), and was the narrowest at lower labial alveolus (7.16 mm). The average anterior maxillary bone thickness was found to be 8.36 mm. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it was found that found that gender and age are important factors that affected the characteristics of the IC and the amount of bone anterior to it.

Morphological Characteristics of the Nasopalatine Canal and the Relationship with the Anterior Maxillary Bone—A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

“…Alveolar bone thickness defines the occlusal-gingival position of the implant, and it is vital for long-term soft tissue stability [40]. Estimation of the horizontal alveolar ridge dimension at different levels is very important from the aspect of immediate implant placement, since this dimension is larger in the apical than in the crestal part, to assess whether a more apical implant position would provide greater bone thickness in this critical region for the implant placement [41].…”

Significance of morphometric and anatomic variations of nasopalatine canal on cone-beam computed tomography in anterior functional zone - A retrospective study

“…Gender wise no statistically significant difference was seen in mesiodistal dimension of IF; however, the mean diameter was greater in males. Panda et al ,[ 2 ] Rao et al ,[ 17 ] Khojastepour et al ,[ 18 ] and Gopal and Kapoor[ 19 ] also reported similar significant differences. Age-wise mesiodistal dimension was increasing with increase in age group, and difference was statistically highly significant ( P = 0.007).…”

“…However, in the study conducted by Panda et al , the average distance was found to be 13.81 (±2.05) mm, with statistical differences gender wise and age wise. [ 2 ]…”

“…[ 1 ] Dental rehabilitation of maxillary anterior region is often challenging due to variations in morphometric dimensions of nasopalatine canal (NPC) or incisive canal and incisive foramen (IF). [ 2 3 ] Therefore, careful radiological preassessment of this region is essential before any surgical or prosthetic intervention. [ 4 5 ]…”

“…Therefore, smaller size implants are solution to anterior maxilla to avoid failure of implants. [ 2 ]…”