Cone Beam Computerized Tomography Analysis of the Posterior and Anterior Mandibular Lingual Concavity for Dental Implant Patients

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate variations in and the prevalence of the lingual concavity. Images were taken between January 1, 2011, and August 31, 2015, from a total of 104 patient charts randomly selected from a private practice. These images were acquired from a single cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) machine. The CBCTs were reviewed in cross-sectional images in both the left and right anterior incisor and posterior molar regions. These scans were classified into 1 of 3 categories-parallel, concave, or convex-based on the measurements of the level of concavity degree as well as the mandibular morphology observed. Lingual concavity characteristics including depth, angulation, and vertical location were also measured. Most of the posterior mandibular CBCT scans were classified as concave. Although there was no significant difference detected for race or gender, statistical significance was noted with regard to age, with an increase in prevalence observed at age 63 years and older. Of the 3 different morphological classifications used, the vast majority were identified as concave in the posterior mandibular regions and parallel in the anterior mandibular region. There was a significant decrease in concavity VL/height (bone loss) associated with age, which was most commonly seen in edentulous areas.

A New Method for Assessment of Mental Foramen Related Landmarks Using Computed Tomography Scan

“…The use of a first tooth-supported surgical guided template after removal of the teeth and then using of second surgical guided template help the first inserted implants assess to reaching the exact situation of planned implant of the previously removed tooth situation with a guided approach. Yoon et al, (37) concluded that the use of CBCT scan is essential diagnostic aid that can provide useful information about anatomical structures and morphological differences at the exact needed situation for the implant. And they also found that the presence of lingual concavity should be evaluated and carefully determined in case of implant placement is indicated in the posterior first molar area region of the mandible.…”

A Method for Detecting Bone Density at Different Sides and Five Sites of Mandibular Bone by New Computerized Measurements

“…Mistry et al (10) , concluded that patients with low glycemic control will have excessive residual ridge resorption and also bone resorption at the implant insertion sites is statistically similar in diabetics when compared to nondiabetics. Yoon et al (11) , concluded that preoperative imaging is imperative to the success of implant prosthetic positioning together with a good treatment planning and evaluation of the surgical site, a CBCT scan is a perfect diagnostic tool that can gave important information about the related anatomical and morphological differences in the sites of concern.…”

“…The presence of vital anatomical mandibular structures such as the inferior alveolar nerve canal and the inferior border of the anterior mandible were help as significant points in data gathering. The lingual concavity should be calculated and carefully determined to be informed if the implant positioning is recommended in the posterior first molar area of the mandible (11) .…”

“…The anterior region of the mandible contain the sublingual and submental arteries which is determined by the lingual concavity must be avoided to decrease the risk of accidental hemorrhage and the airway obstruction as a result of its near to the mandible which is determined by using CBCT. The preoperative diagnostic measures must be evaluated to ensure exact implant placement to avoid potential life-threatening problems (11) . Kenawy et al, in 2017 (12) , compared bone resorption and bone density between diabetic and nondiabetic patients and found that no significant difference recorded between bone quantity, there was decreased bone density in diabetic patients.…”

Morphometric Predictors of Lingual Undercut Depth in the Posterior Mandible and their Relevance to Immediate Dental Implant Insertion: Recommendations for CBCT

“…These complications range from mild to severe depending on the degree of damage (Berberi et al, 1993;Givol et al, 2000;Kalpidis & Setayesh, 2004;Annibali et al, 2009;Clark et al, 2017). Presence of lingual undercut (LU) and severe sloping of the lingual cortex have been identified as potential risks during implant surgeries involving the mandibular anterior and premolar regions (Tepper et al, 2001;Quirynen et al, 2003;Sener et al, 2018), and posterior region related to mandibular molars (Leong et al, 2011;Alrahaimi & Venkatesh, 2017;Yoon et al, 2017).…”