Cone beam computed tomography findings in the temporomandibular joints of chronic qat chewers: Radiographic bone density and trabecular microstructural analyses

Almashraqi, Abeer A; Barngkgei, Imad; Halboub, Esam; Al‐Maweri, Sadeq Ali; Al-Wesabi, Mohammed; Al-Kamel, Ahlam; Alhammadi, Maged Sultan; Alamir, Abdulwahab H.

doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2020.12.017

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The session of qat chewing lasts several hours. Brie y, the fresh leaves and twigs of qat are chewed to form a bolus which kept on one side of the mouth and continually chewed to release the qat extract which swallowed and/or absorbed through oral mucosa [3,[5][6][7][8]. Studies estimated that up to 49% of males in Jazan, a region in the southeast of Saudi Arabia, practice the habit, and the gure increases to 62% in Jazan rural areas [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Caries experience among qat chewers in Jazan population, Saudi Arabia

Halboub

Alqahtani

Alamri

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Aims There is a considerable debate on the impact of qat chewing on dental and oral health. Thereby, this study aimed at assessing the dental caries among qat chewers (QC) in comparison to non-qat chewers (NQC) in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia Materials and Methods A sample of 100 QCs and 100 NQCs were recruited amongst those attended dental clinics, college of dentistry, Jazan University during the 2018–2019 academic year. Their dental health was assessed by three precalibrated male interns using DMFT index. The Care Index (CI), Restorative Index (RI) and Treatment Index (TR) were calculated. Comparisons between both subgroups were done using independent t-test. Multiple linear regression analyses were further conducted to stand on the independent determinants of the oral health among this population. Results QCs were unintentionally older (36.55 ± 8.74 years) than NQCs (32.96 ± 8.49 years; P = 0.004). Fifty-six percent of QCs reported brushing their teeth compared to only 35% (P = 0.001). More QCs were of higher educational levels compared to NQC. The mean Decayed [5.91 (5.16)] and DMFT [9.15 (5.87)] were higher compared to NQC [3.73 (3.62) and 6.7 (4.58); P = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively]. The other indices were not different between both subgroups. The multiple linear regression revealed that qat chewing and age, individually or together, as independent determinants for the dental decay, missing, DMFT and TI. Conclusion Qat chewing habit has a detrimental impact on dental health. It is associated with higher dental caries and missing teeth, and a lower treatment index.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Caries experience among qat chewers in Jazan population, Saudi Arabia

Halboub

Alqahtani

Alamri

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Recommendations for standard criteria for the positional and morphological evaluation of temporomandibular joint osseous structures using cone-beam CT: a systematic review

Almashraqi,

Sayed,

Mokli

et al. 2023

Eur Radiol

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Objective This systematic review aimed to appraise the reliability and comprehensiveness of imaging methods in studies that used three-dimensional assessment of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in order to propose a standardized imaging method. Methods Six databases/search engines were searched up until September 2022. The outcomes of interest included measurements of the mandibular condyle, glenoid fossa, joint spaces, or the entire TMJ. Two checklists were utilized: one to assess the risk of bias, with a maximum score of 37, and the other, a pre-designed checklist consisting of 22 items to evaluate the comprehensiveness of the methods used, with a maximum score of 33. Results Out of the 2567 records retrieved, only 14 studies, which used cone bean computed tomography (CBCT), were deemed eligible and thus included in the qualitative analysis. Three studies were deemed of low risk of bias, while the remaining studies were rated as moderate to high risk of bias, primarily due to improper reporting of inter-observer agreement, varying reliability values, and a limited number of cases included in the reliability analysis. Regarding the comprehensiveness of the methods used, only four studies achieved relatively high scores. The deficiencies observed were related to the reporting of variables such as slice thickness and voxel size, absence of or improper reporting of intra- and inter-examiner reliability analyses, and failure to assess all osseous components of the TMJ. Conclusion CBCT-based methods used to assess the positions and morphology of TMJ bony structures appear to be imperfect and lacking in comprehensiveness. Hence, criteria for a standardized assessment method of these TMJ structures are proposed. Clinical relevance statement Accurately, comprehensively, and reliably assessing the osseous structures of the temporomandibular joint will provide valid and valuable diagnostic features of the normal temporomandibular joint, and help establish potential associations between these osseous features and temporomandibular disorders. Registration The protocol for this systematic review was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, No.: CRD42020199792). Key Points •Although many methods have been introduced to assess the osseous structure of the temporomandibular joint, they yielded inconsistent findings. •None of the published studies comprehensively assessed the temporomandibular joint. •Recommendations for a comprehensive temporomandibular joint osseous assessment method were suggested for better validity and reliability of future research.

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Dental caries experience among qat chewers in dental college clinics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2023

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Aims There is a considerable debate on the impact of qat chewing on dental and oral health. Thereby, this study aimed at assessing the dental caries among qat chewers (QC) and non-qat chewers (NQC) who attend outpatient dental clinics, College of Dentistry, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods A sample of 100 QC and 100 NQC were recruited amongst those attended dental clinics, college of dentistry, Jazan University during the 2018–2019 academic year. Their dental health was assessed by three pre-calibrated male interns using DMFT index. The Care Index, Restorative Index and Treatment Index were calculated. Comparisons between both subgroups were done using independent t test. Multiple linear regression analyses were further conducted to stand on the independent determinants of the oral health among this population. Results QC were unintentionally older (36.55 ± 8.74 years) than NQC (32.96 ± 8.49 years; P = 0.004). Fifty-six percent of QC reported brushing their teeth compared to only 35% (P = 0.001). NQC with university and postgraduate educational levels were more than QC. The mean Decayed [5.91 (5.16)] and DMFT [9.15 (5.87)] were higher among QC compared to NQC [3.73 (3.62) and 6.7 (4.58); P = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively]. The other indices were not different between both subgroups. The multiple linear regression revealed that qat chewing and age, individually or together, as independent determinants for the dental decay, missing, DMFT and TI. Conclusion Qat chewing habit has a detrimental impact on dental health. It is associated with higher dental caries and missing teeth, and a lower treatment index.

show abstract

Cone beam computed tomography findings in the temporomandibular joints of chronic qat chewers: Radiographic bone density and trabecular microstructural analyses

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Dental Caries experience among qat chewers in Jazan population, Saudi Arabia

Dental Caries experience among qat chewers in Jazan population, Saudi Arabia

Recommendations for standard criteria for the positional and morphological evaluation of temporomandibular joint osseous structures using cone-beam CT: a systematic review

Dental caries experience among qat chewers in dental college clinics, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

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