Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Assessment of Mandibular Condylar Position in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction and in Healthy Subjects

Paknahad, Maryam; Shahidi, Shoaleh; Iranpour, Shiva; Mirhadi, Sabah; Paknahad, Majid

doi:10.1155/2015/301796

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…[9][10][11] Nonconcentric condyle-fossa relationships have been associated with abnormal TMJ function. 10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] However, in other studies, 4,5,13,[19][20][21][22] the presence or absence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) did not correlate with the condyle position in the TMJ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some research has noted the influence of occlusion in the condylar process-mandibular fossa relationship, 4,5,10,[13][14][15][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] while others have not. 4,5,13,[19][20][21][22] Studies have found that the condyles were positioned more anteriorly, 4,5,10,[13][14][15]27,28 posteriorly, 27,29,30 intermediately, 27 superiorly 27,28,31,32 and inferiorly 33 in various occlusal, skeletal, and facial relationships. In addition to condylar position, occlusion might be related to the articular eminence angle or slope 13,14,28 and articular eminence height, 14,16,17 or the vertical height of the fossa 13,19,28,31 and anteroposterior and mediolateral thickness of the condylar head.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of condyle-fossa relationships in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography

Chae

Park

Tai

et al. 2019

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objectives: To evaluate the condyle-fossa relationship in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images obtained in 120 adolescent patients were used for this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to 3 criteria: (1) age (early, middle, and late adolescence); (2) facial height ratio or Jarabak quotient (hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent); and (3) ANB classification (Class I, Class II, and Class III). Temporomandibular joint space (TMJS: AS, anterior space; SS, superior space; PS, posterior space; MS, medial space; LS, lateral space), width and depth of the condyle (MLT, mediolateral thickness; APT, anteroposterior thickness), articular slope (ArS) and vertical height of the fossa (VHF) were measured and compared using CBCT. Results: Differences in condyle-fossa relationships were not significantly different between male and female adolescents, but were significantly different (P < .05) between left and right sides. The mean values showed no statistical differences according to age and skeletal pattern. Most measurements in the sagittal view showed that SS was the greatest, and the mean ratio of AS to SS to PS was 1.00 to 1.27 to 1.19, respectively. The mean values of coronal MS and LS were not significantly different. Conclusions: There were almost no statistical differences in the TMJS in adolescents across various factors except between left and right sides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of condyle-fossa relationships in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography

Chae

Park

Tai

et al. 2019

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…1 Plain film radiography, conventional tomography, computed tomography (CT), conebeam computed tomography (CBCT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are different radiographic methods that have been used in previous studies for TMJ assessment. 6,7 Cone-beam computed tomography is suggested as a high resolution and precise 3-dimensional (3D) technique for analyzing the condylar position in the glenoid fossa. 8 Some of the reasons why CBCT is preferred when compared with other imaging techniques at the region of TMJ are as follows: 3D images, higher accuracy and a smaller slice thickness as compared to the conventional tomography and radiography 6 ; spatial resolution even higher than in the case of spiral CT 6 ; effective dose and scanning time, and cost lower than in spiral CT 6,8 ; the fact that MRI is not suitable for the evaluation of hard tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, other studies deny this association. 6 The condylar movements and pathways during mouth opening and closing are different, depending on the condylar position in the glenoid fossa. Physical loading on the articular disk and the condylar head would also be different in various condylar positions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of condylar position in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and asymptomatic patients using cone-beam computed tomography

et al. 2019

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Background. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are the most common reason of non-dental pain in the orofacial region. A clinical examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with additional imaging is the most recommended procedure for TMD diagnosis. Objectives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between TMD and the condylar position in the glenoid fossa by examining a group of patients suffering from TMD compared with a control group of patients without TMD. In this study, we used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images for measurements. Material and methods. Sixty-five symptomatic joints were selected from 48 patients with TMD. Sixtyfive joints were selected from a total of 96 asymptomatic joints in the control group. The superior, anterior and posterior area of the joint, and the steepness of the articular eminence were measured on the CBCT images. The data was analyzed using Pearson's χ 2 test. Results. The position of the condyle was significantly more posterior in the joints with TMD, and more anterior and centric in the asymptomatic joints. Statistically, the vertical position of the condyle and the steepness of the articular eminence had no significant relation with the occurrence of TMD. Conclusions. In this study, we observed that the posterior condylar position is more common in TMD patients, but it is not the reason for diagnosing TMD, and the reason of the posterior position of the condyle should be investigated before any decisions pertaining to treatment are made. In future, studies should focus on evaluating how the position of the condyle will change after the treatment of patients with TMD.

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“…Since in TMD patients an apparent association between condylar position and clinical findings worth to be treated is lacking [46], it appears that the often asked question of “the most physiological” or “the most optimum” condylar position in intercuspal position is more of academic interest than of clinical relevance. Instead, a relatively broad range of equally acceptable positions exists [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disk displacement, eccentric condylar position, osteoarthrosis – misnomers for variations of normality? Results and interpretations from an MRI study in two age cohorts

et al. 2016

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BackgroundClinical decision-making and prognostic statements in individuals with manifest or suspected temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) may involve assessment of (a) the position of articular disc relative to the mandibular condyle, (b) the location of the condyle relative to the temporal joint surfaces, and (c) the depth of the glenoid fossa of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs). The aim of this study was twofold: (1) Determination of the prevalence of these variables in two representative population-based birth cohorts. (2) Reinterpretation of the clinical significance of the findings.MethodsFrom existing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the TMJs that had been taken in 2005 and 2006 from 72 subjects born between 1930 and 1932 and between 1950 and 1952, respectively, the condylar position at closed jaw was calculated as percentage displacement of the condyle from absolute centricity. By using the criteria introduced by Orsini et al. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 86:489-97, 1998), a textbook-like disc position at closed jaw was distinguished from an anterior location. TMJ morphology of the temporal joint surfaces was assessed at open jaw by measuring the depth of the glenoid fossa, using the method proposed by Muto et al. (J Oral Maxillofac Surg 52:1269-72, 1994).Frequency distributions were recorded for the condylar and disc positions at closed jaw.Student’s t-test with independent samples was used as test of significance to detect differences of condylar positions between the age cohorts (1930 vs. 1950) and the sexes. The significance levels were set at 5%. First, the results from the measurement of the age cohorts were compared without differentiation of sexes, i.e., age cohort 1930–1932 versus age cohort 1950–1952. Subsequently, the age cohorts were compared by sex, i.e., men in cohort 1930–1932 versus men in cohort 1950–1952, and women in cohort 1930–1932 women men in cohort 1950–1952.ResultsIn both cohorts, condylar position was characterized by great variability. About 50% of the condyles were located centrically, while the other half was either in an anterior or in a posterior position. In both female cohorts, a posterior position predominated, whereas a centric position prevailed among men. Around 75% of the discs were positioned textbook-like, while the remaining forth was located anteriorly. Age had no statistically significant influence on condylar or on disc position. Conversely, comparison between the age groups revealed a statistically significant decrease of the depth of the glenoid fossa in both older cohorts. This age-dependent changes may be interpreted as flattening of the temporal joint surfaces.ConclusionsWe call for a re-interpretation of imaging findings because they may insinuate pathology which usually is not present. Instead, anterior or posterior positions of the mandibular condyle as well as an anterior location of the articular disc should be construed as a variation of normalcy. Likewise, flattening of articular surfaces of the TMJs may be considered ...

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Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Assessment of Mandibular Condylar Position in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction and in Healthy Subjects

Cited by 43 publications

References 41 publications

Evaluation of condyle-fossa relationships in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography

Evaluation of condyle-fossa relationships in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography

Comparative assessment of condylar position in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and asymptomatic patients using cone-beam computed tomography

Disk displacement, eccentric condylar position, osteoarthrosis – misnomers for variations of normality? Results and interpretations from an MRI study in two age cohorts

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