CONE: A Connected Dominating Set-Based Flooding Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Lisiecki, Dennis; Zhang, Peilin; Theel, Oliver

doi:10.3390/s19102378

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The optimal aim is to find the minimum number of connected reference nodes. In fact, finding a minimum number of reference nodes is a non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard problem [ 4 , 26 ]. Specifically, its time complexity is

, where

is the number of nodes in each level.…”

Section: Eers Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EERS: Energy-Efficient Reference Node Selection Algorithm for Synchronization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

El-Sharief

El-Gawad

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Time synchronization is an essential issue in industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs). It assists perfect coordinated communications among the sensor nodes to preserve battery power. Generally, time synchronization in IWSNs has two major aspects of energy consumption and accuracy. In the literature, the energy consumption has not received much attention in contrast to the accuracy. In this paper, focusing on the energy consumption aspect, we introduce an energy-efficient reference node selection (EERS) algorithm for time synchronization in IWSNs. It selects and schedules a minimal sequence of connected reference nodes that are responsible for spreading timing messages. EERS achieves energy consumption synchronization by reducing the number of transmitted messages among the sensor nodes. To evaluate the performance of EERS, we conducted extensive experiments with Arduino Nano RF sensors and revealed that EERS achieves considerably fewer messages than previous techniques, robust time synchronization (R-Sync), fast scheduling and accurate drift compensation for time synchronization (FADS), and low power scheduling for time synchronization protocols (LPSS). In addition, simulation results for a large sensor network of 450 nodes demonstrate that EERS reduces the whole number of transmitted messages by 52%, 30%, and 13% compared to R-Sync, FADS, and LPSS, respectively.

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, where

is the number of nodes in each level.…”

Section: Eers Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are often battery-operated, and sometimes it is infeasible to recharge or replace batteries. Consequently, the lifetime of the battery becomes a crucial concern in the design of IWSNs [ 4 , 5 ]. To maximize the battery lifetime and conserve the battery power, a time-synchronous operation is regularly preferred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EERS: Energy-Efficient Reference Node Selection Algorithm for Synchronization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

El-Sharief

El-Gawad

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…In fact, flooding-based communication is simple and fast to implement. Moreover, this kind of setup does not need any routing mechanisms in advance [9]. Despite the fact that the network flooding method is easy to maintain, CDS is more efficient in message forwarding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Distributed CDS Algorithm for Extending Lifetime of WSNs With Solar Energy Harvester Nodes for Smart Agriculture Applications

2020

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Recent improvements in computer and software technologies affect different areas of production systems. The productivity of an agricultural process can be accepted as one of the many domains affected by these improvements. The production volume is increased not only with new designs of agricultural machines, but also by utilizing communication technologies in the production process. Even the wireless sensor technologies have started to be used for gathering some environmental features in order to optimize production parameters as well as preserving the product in determined quality levels. However, nodes which play an important part of such systems are prone to battery depletions. To alleviate this battery problem, incorporating harvester nodes into the system has been recently considered. However, only including such nodes is not sufficient for improving the lifetime of the system. In this paper, a new distributed connected dominating set algorithm on WSNs with solar energy harvester nodes for precision agriculture applications is proposed. The novel distributed connected dominating set construction with solar energy harvesting in smart agriculture applications algorithm, namely CDSSEHA, is compared with the traditional flooding methods and with an energy efficient CDS algorithm. According to the results, the proposed algorithm increased the WSNs' lifetime by up to approximately 6 times and 1.4 times compared to the traditional flooding methods and CDS based method, respectively. Furthermore, the CDS construction process constitutes only about 15% of the whole lifetime. INDEX TERMS Distributed connected dominating sets, precision agriculture, smart agriculture applications, solar energy harvester, wireless sensor networks.

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ACapDS: An Energy-Efficient and Fault-Tolerant Distributed Capacitated Dominating Set Algorithm for Industrial IoT

Arapoglu,

Cabuk,

Dagdeviren

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Design and analysis of energy-efficient and fault-tolerant dominating set (DS) algorithms are vital tasks for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) scenarios as operational efficiency is a key objective in most industries. Such algorithms must maintain topology control, clustering, routing, and data aggregation. An IIoT deployment is said to pose the self-stabilization property if it can always recover to a steady state in a bounded time without any interruption whenever it is started at an unstable state. Self-stabilization is a fruitful principle for building fault-tolerant IIoT deployments. This paper proposes a novel distributed faulttolerant capacitated DS (capDS) algorithm for IIoT systems. The algorithm is the first self-stabilizing capDS approach to the best of our knowledge. Proofs concerning the asynchronous behaviors of the algorithm, as well as the self-stabilization feature with regard to convergence and closure properties, are provided. Besides, our theoretical analysis showed that the algorithm's approximation ratio is 6 for IIoT setups implemented as unit disk graphs. Measurements made using our testbed of 40 IRIS motes and the extensive TOSSIM simulations revealed that the proposed algorithm is up to 55% better in terms of coefficient of variation, requires up to 61% fewer moves, causes up to 13% less data traffic, and consumes up to 14% less energy when compared to a randomized approach and a minimum ID priority-based approach.INDEX TERMS Industrial Internet of Things, IIoT, minimum capacitated dominating set, distributed algorithms, self-stabilizing algorithms, fault tolerance.

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CONE: A Connected Dominating Set-Based Flooding Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

EERS: Energy-Efficient Reference Node Selection Algorithm for Synchronization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

EERS: Energy-Efficient Reference Node Selection Algorithm for Synchronization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

A Novel Distributed CDS Algorithm for Extending Lifetime of WSNs With Solar Energy Harvester Nodes for Smart Agriculture Applications

ACapDS: An Energy-Efficient and Fault-Tolerant Distributed Capacitated Dominating Set Algorithm for Industrial IoT

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