Conductor icing: Comparison of a glaze icing model with experiments under severe laboratory conditions with moderate wind speed

Experimental Investigation on Glaze Ice Accretion and Its Influence on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Pipeline Suspension Bridges

“…The icicle hanging from the bottom of the cylinder was in accord with the results in Fukusako et al [26]under small wind speed. However, icicles with an impact angle were produced in [16,41] since the runback water under the windy condition, and icicle hanging from the bottom of the cylinder tends to disappear gradually as the airstream velocity increased [26], the difference from previous results could be ascribe to the large wind speed. For the section steel, the average ice thicknesses on the top, bottom, and lateral walls (denoted as B t , B b , and B s , respectively), the icicle lengths on the top, bottom, and lateral walls (denoted as l t , l b , and l s , respectively), and the center-to-center spacings of the icicles on the top, bottom, and lateral walls (denoted as s t , s b , and s s , respectively) were measured.…”

“…The icicle hanging from the bottom of the cylinder was in accord with the results in Fukusako et al [26] under small wind speed. However, icicles with an impact angle were produced in [16,41] since the runback water under the windy condition, and icicle hanging from the bottom of the cylinder tends to disappear gradually as the airstream velocity increased [26], the difference from previous results could be ascribe to the large wind speed. Pipelines with D ≤ 50 mm had no evident curved part, which was correspond with the icicle model on transmission lines [16,26,41].…”

“…Unfortunately, the precipitation rate was set 45 mm/h in the experiment which was much higher than typical values encountered during freezing rain to hasten the icing process by referring to the recommend values 60 ± 20 mm/h in Farzaneh et al [19]. It was impossible to produce more typical freezing rainfall rates of 1 mm/h without compromising the uniformity of the water supply along the cylinder [16]. Water was chilled to 0-2 • C before being transferred into the nozzles.…”

“…Investigation of ice accretion is the first step toward studying its effect on the aerodynamic response of a structure [11,12]. Recently, some studies focused on the glaze ice accretion on circular cylinders [7,[13][14][15][16][17][18], insulators [19,20], airfoils [21,22], and wind turbine blades [23,24]. The accreted ice mass and the detailed shapes were studied.…”

Prediction on freezing fraction and collision coefficient in ice accretion model of transmission lines using icing mass growth rate

“…In the existing research on the collision coefficient and freezing fraction of ice accretion model for transmission lines. Smooth circular cylinder icing is used as a first approximation to power line conductor and ground wire icing to make the computing easier [12–18].…”