Conductometric titration of perchlorate with tetraphenylarsonium chloride

Abstract

Many volumetric methods have been reported for the determination of perchlorate. Most of these are indirect, requiring reduction to chloride. Either the chloride is subsequently measured (7-J) or the amount of reductant is determined by back-titration (4, 6, 7). These methods are all subject to interference by other halide salts or reducible substances.Several direct methods have also been reported. A microgravimetric technique using 3,5,6,8-tetramethyl-l,10-phenanthroline to precipitate perchlorate was reported by Brandt and Smith (8). Perchlorate has been determined colorimetrically by Bodenheimer and Weiles (9) in pyridine as the cupric tetrapyridine salt and by Fritz, Abbink, and Campbell (70) as ferrous 1,10-phenanthroline perchlorate in «-butyronitrile. Tetraphenylphosphonium chloride has been used by Nezu (77) as an amperometric titrant for perchlorate. Recently, Morris (72) described the amperometric determination of perchlorate by titration with tetraphenylstibonium sulfate.The use of tetraphenylarsonium ion for perchlorate analysis was reported as early as 1939 by Willard and Smith (13), who proposed a potentiometric back-titration with triiodide. Recently, the reagent was used for the gravimetric determination of ammonium perchlorate by Glover and Rosen (14). Another approach to the use of this reagent for perchlorate determination, herein proposed, incorporates the use of conductance for the titration of perchlorate with tetraphenylarsonium chloride. EXPERIMENTAL Reagents. Tetraphenylarsonium chloride (J. T. Baker Chemical Co.) and tetraphenylarsonium chloride hydrochloride (Eastman Organic Chemical Co. and Hach Chemical

Polymeric Membrane and Solid Contact Electrodes Based on Schiff Base Complexes of Co(III) for Potentiometric Determination of Perchlorate Ions

“…As can be seen from Figure 3, under similar experimental conditions, the efficiency of complex L3 as a ClO 4 − ion carrier in the membrane is more than the other two complexes L1 and L2 most probably due to the existence of PBu 3 and Me group in the coordination ligand around cobalt central ion. This can show the effect of organic ligand structure of metal ion complexes on the response of carrier-based anion selective electrodes.…”

“…Effect of pH. The pH dependence of the potential response of the proposed membrane sensors at three different concentrations of ClO 4 − ions in the pH range of 1-10 was tested and the results are shown in Figure 6. As seen, the electrode potential was independent of pH in the range 2.5-8.5.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] Ion chromatography has been primary means of these methods. However, most of these methods are either time-consuming or need expensive instruments and also well-control experimental conditions and, most importantly, suffer from various interferences of cationic or anionic species.…”

“…Thus, to assess the practical application of proposed perchlorate-selective electrode, it was used for the determination of perchlorate ions in mineral water (Damavand mineral water, marketed in Iran) and urine sample. Different amounts of ClO 4 − ions were spiked into mineral water and also urine sample, and then the ClO 4 − contents of the samples were measured. The results of the analysis of the samples are given in Table 4.…”

Construction of a novel highly selective potentiometric perchlorate sensor based on neocuproine–Cu(II) complex formed in situ during the conditioning period

“…Several different methods comprising volumetric titration [13], gravimetry [14], spectrophotometry [15], atomic absorption spectrometry [16,17], and ion chromatography [10] have been used for the determination of perchlorate ions. However, most of these techniques have various disadvantages such as long analysis time, need for sophisticated devices, laborious pretreatment processes, high-cost measurements and need for experts.…”