Conductivity of the LiBF4 / Mixed Ether Electrolytes for Secondary Lithium Cells

Matsuda, Yoshiharu; Morita, Masayuki; Yamashita, T.

doi:10.1149/1.2115416

Cited by 52 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ) is a salt based on an inorganic super acid anion and has moderate ion conductivity in nonaqueous solvents that has been a major obstacle to its application (Table 2). Earlier, it was found that the ether-based electrolytes containing LiBF 4 results in poor lithium cycling efficiencies, which decayed rapidly with cycle number [53,[66][67][68]. The reactivity of LiBF 4 with lithium was suspected as discoloration occurred with time or heating [68].…”

Section: Choice Of the Lithium Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Polymer electrolytes: characteristics and peculiarities

Ahmad

2009

Ionics

107

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Polymer electrolytes are an important component of many electrochemical devices. This paper reviews stateof-the-art of the electrochemical and physical properties of polymer electrolytes. This review mainly encompasses the properties of different salts, solvents, and polymer hosts, which are encaged in liquid electrolytes. The additions of filler in polymer electrolytes result in composite polymer electrolytes, having high mechanical integrity and ionic conductivity, that are ideal electrolyte for these applications. The next generation state-of-the-art room-temperature ionic liquids based electrolytes, which are far superior to corresponding nonionic solvent-based electrolytes, are also discussed.

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Section: Choice Of the Lithium Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Polymer electrolytes: characteristics and peculiarities

Ahmad

2009

Ionics

107

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“…[185][186][187] The concept was rapidly accepted by researchers of the 1980s, usually using cyclic carbonates for their high and linear or cyclic ethers for their low η. 72,73,78,87,89,127,[188][189][190][191] In almost all the cases, ion conductivity in mixed solvents is superior to that in single solvents, as Figure 6a shows for LiClO 4 in PC/ DME, and a maximum in conductivity is usually realized in medium compositions.…”

Section: Ion Transport Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries

2004

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Contents 1. Introduction and Scope 4303 1.1. Fundamentals of Battery Electrolytes 4303 1.2. The Attraction of "Lithium" and Its Challenge 4304 1.3. From "Lithium" to "Lithium Ion" 4305 1.4. Scope of This Review 4306 2. Electrolyte Components: History and State of the Art 4306 2.1. Solvents 4307 2.1.1. Propylene Carbonate (PC) 4308 2.1.2. Ethers 4308 2.1.3. Ethylene Carbonate (EC) 4309 2.1.4. Linear Dialkyl Carbonates 4310 2.2. Lithium Salts 4310 2.2.1. Lithium Perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) 4311 2.2.2. Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ) 4312 2.2.3. Lithium Tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ) 4312 2.2.4. Lithium Trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTf) 4312 2.2.5. Lithium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiIm) and Its Derivatives 4313

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“…4,[8][9][10][11] From these results, Bjerrum critical distance was calculated for univalent ions, which indicated that ion pairing should be nearly independent of , rising only slightly with for high-solvents such as EC-rich mixtures of PC-EC and falling slightly for low-solvents such as DECrich mixtures of PC-DEC. But it showed a strong dependency on w, rising steadily as fell with the change of w. Viscosity of the two solvents has also been studied indirectly by measuring their T g , whose connection with was argued and demonstrated to be a qualitative but definite one: a higher T g was associated with a higher for similar liquids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductivity and Viscosity of PC-DEC and PC-EC Solutions of LiPF[sub 6]

Ding

Jow

2003

J. Electrochem. Soc.

120

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Conductivity κ and viscosity η of propylene carbonate (PC)-diethyl carbonate (DEC) and PC-ethylene carbonate (EC) solutions of LiPF6 were experimentally determined, the former at salt molalities m from 0.2 to 2.4 mol kg−1, solvent compositions w from 0 to 0.7 weight fraction of DEC and 0 to 0.6 weight fraction of EC, and temperatures θ from 60 to −80°C, the latter indirectly and qualitatively through measuring the glass transition temperature Tnormalg in the same ranges of m and w. The Tnormalg increased with m, and decreased with w of DEC but increased with w of EC, indicating a concurrent change in the η of the solutions. The κ of the PC-DEC solution of LiFP6 peaked in both m and w thus forming a dome in its 3D presentation in the normalmw coordinates, while that of the PC-EC solution peaked only in m resulting in an arch-shaped surface. As θ lowered, these κ surfaces fell in height and shifted in the direction of low η. These observations correlated well with the changes of dielectric constant ɛ and viscosity η of the solutions with the same set of variables. More detailed study of the effects of DEC and EC on the κ of PC solution of LiPF6 demonstrated the benefit of having a low-η solvent component in an electrolyte for it to have a decent κ at low θ and the independence on θ of ion association in these solutions in support of an earlier finding. The κT data of the PC-DEC solution of LiPF6 were fit with the Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher equation for an evaluation of its apparent activation energy Enormala and its vanishing mobility temperature T0, the former shown to be a simple surface in the normalmw coordinates slanting up in the direction of high η, and the latter another one slanting up in the same direction and lying beneath the surface of Tnormalg by more than ten degrees. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

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Conductivity of the LiBF4 / Mixed Ether Electrolytes for Secondary Lithium Cells

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Polymer electrolytes: characteristics and peculiarities

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Polymer electrolytes: characteristics and peculiarities

Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries

Conductivity and Viscosity of PC-DEC and PC-EC Solutions of LiPF[sub 6]

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