Conductivité électrique de solutions de surfactants dans les hydrocarbures

Denat, А.; Gosse, B.; Gosse, J.P.

doi:10.1051/rphysap:019810016012067300

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…One of the most striking ones is about the conductivity dependence on concentration of ionic surfactants. It is reported as linear in many studies . Figure (reproduced from ) presents one example of such dependence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Practically, all studies with ionic surfactant report a linear dependence of conductivity on the surfactant concentration. Here are these papers with reported values of the micelles sizes in some of them: isopar with 7 nm lecithin micelles , benzene with AOT , dodecane with 5–10 nm OLOA micelles , isopar with 10 nm OLOA micelles , heptane with AOT . …”

Section: Experiment: Review Of Published Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many published papers proving that the addition of surfactants to nonpolar liquid offers a simple and reliable way for controlling ionic strength and conductivity. However, some unresolved questions remained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical concentration of ion‐pairs formation in nonpolar media

Dukhin¹

2014

Electrophoresis

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It is known that nonpolar liquids can be ionized by adding surfactants, either ionic or nonionic. Surfactant molecules serve as solvating agents, building inverse micelles around ions, and preventing their association back into neutral molecules. According to the Bjerrum-Onsager-Fuoss theory, these inverse micelle ions should form "ion pairs." This, in turn, leads to nonlinear dependence of the conductivity on the concentration. Surprisingly, ionic surfactants exhibit linear conductivity dependence, which implies that these inverse micelle ions do not form ion pairs. Theory predicts the existence of two ionic strength ranges, which are separated by a certain critical ion concentration. Ionic strength above the critical one is proportional to the square root of the ion concentration, whereas it becomes linear below the critical concentration. Critical ion concentration lies within the range of 10(-11) -10(-7) mol/L when ion size ranges from 1 to 3 nm. Critical ion concentration is related, but not equal, to a certain surfactant concentration (critical concentration of ion-pairs formation (CIPC)) because only a fraction of the surfactant molecules is incorporated into the micelles ions. The linear conductivity dependence for ionic surfactants indicates that the corresponding CIPC is above the range of studied concentrations, perhaps, due to rather large ion size. The same linearity is a sign that charged inverse micelles structure and fraction are concentration independent due to strong charge-dipole interaction in the charge micelle core. This also proves that CIPC is independent of critical concentration of micelle formation. Nonionic surfactants, on the other hand, exhibit nonlinear conductivity dependence apparently due to smaller ion sizes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Experiment: Review Of Published Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical concentration of ion‐pairs formation in nonpolar media

Dukhin¹

2014

Electrophoresis

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“…Nous avons effectué des études approfondies sur les solutions de CH + TiAP [10] et CH + A.O.T. [11], nous n'en donnerons ici que les principaux résultats.…”

Section: Influence D'un Embout Collecteur -Dansunclassified

L'électrisation du cyclohexane en écoulement laminaire dans des tubes métalliques. II. Cas des solutions d'aérosol O.T.

Gosse¹,

Solofomboahangy²,

Gosse³

et al. 1985

Rev. Phys. Appl. (Paris)

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“…Electrical conduction characteristics of transformer oil under the high electric field are related to not only the electric charge injection, but also charge carrier mobility. And also, it may be further associated with prebreakdown phenomena in dielectric liquids, which may be a perfect explanation for partial discharge in oil [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. This paper discusses the dominant mechanism in oil under different ranges of electric field strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on electric conduction of transformer oil

Sha

Zhou

De-xin

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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In this paper, a high sensitivity electrometer is adopted to measure DC conduction currents across the oil gap. The effect of morphology of electrode surface (3 dimensional roughness is approximately 0.03 mm) on conduction current is considered adequately, which is very lacking in the previous references. Based on the Fower-Nordheim theory, three stages will be clearly distinguished with the increase of the electric field strength. At low electric field stage (E<0.44 kV/mm), the current through the oil I is directly proportional to the electric field E, which meets the Ohm's law. Oil conductivity mainly depends on impurity ions with only low mobility. At medium electric field stage (0.44 kV/mm1.33 kV/mm), the obtained I-V 2 characteristics is linear, which can be explained by the space charge limited current. Moreover, main factors affecting the conduction current, including oil gap, electrode geometry and materials, polarity effect, temperature, hydrostatic pressure and moisture, have been analyzed and the causes are interpreted as well.Index Terms -Dielectric conduction mechanism, electrode geometry, morphology of electrode surface, hydrostatic pressure, moisture, polarity effect, temperature, transformer oil.

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Conductivité électrique de solutions de surfactants dans les hydrocarbures

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Critical concentration of ion‐pairs formation in nonpolar media

Critical concentration of ion‐pairs formation in nonpolar media

L'électrisation du cyclohexane en écoulement laminaire dans des tubes métalliques. II. Cas des solutions d'aérosol O.T.

A study on electric conduction of transformer oil

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