Conductive Fibers

Pham, Tung; Bechtold, Thomas

doi:10.1002/9783527342587.ch9

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…It is expressed as Ohm per square (Ω/sq), known as a sheet resistance, which is the resistance between two measuring points (electrodes of specific configuration) on a square piece of a fabric surface [ 70 ]. In flat textiles, the stability of the electrons makes the flow of electricity difficult, thus electrical resistivity is relatively high (conductivity is relatively low), i.e., the raw cotton fabric shows a resistivity of 10 6 –10 8 Ω/sq [ 76 ]. Instead of sheet resistivity, Ali et al [ 77 ] determined the volume resistivity (in Ω·mm) by applying a voltage potential across opposite sides of the sample and measuring the resultant current flow through the sample.…”

Section: Characterization Of Conductive Textilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Electro Conductive Textiles Utilizing the Dip-Coating Technique: Their Functionality, Durability and Sustainability

2022

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The presented review summarizes recent studies in the field of electro conductive textiles as an essential part of lightweight and flexible textile-based electronics (so called e-textiles), with the main focus on a relatively simple and low-cost dip-coating technique that can easily be integrated into an existing textile finishing plant. Herein, numerous electro conductive compounds are discussed, including intrinsically conductive polymers, carbon-based materials, metal, and metal-based nanomaterials, as well as their combinations, with their advantages and drawbacks in contributing to the sectors of healthcare, military, security, fitness, entertainment, environmental, and fashion, for applications such as energy harvesting, energy storage, real-time health and human motion monitoring, personal thermal management, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding, wireless communication, light emitting, tracking, etc. The greatest challenge is related to the wash and wear durability of the conductive compounds and their unreduced performance during the textiles’ lifetimes, which includes the action of water, high temperature, detergents, mechanical forces, repeated bending, rubbing, sweat, etc. Besides electrical conductivity, the applied compounds also influence the physical-mechanical, optical, morphological, and comfort properties of textiles, depending on the type and concentration of the compound, the number of applied layers, the process parameters, as well as additional protective coatings. Finally, the sustainability and end-of-life of e-textiles are critically discussed in terms of the circular economy and eco-design, since these aspects are mainly neglected, although e-textile’ waste could become a huge problem in the future when their mass production starts.

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Section: Characterization Of Conductive Textilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Electro Conductive Textiles Utilizing the Dip-Coating Technique: Their Functionality, Durability and Sustainability

2022

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“…Electrically conductive polymeric fibers are produced by dispersing conductive agents in polymer melts, by depositing carbon or metallic coatings onto fiber surfaces, or by incorporating hydrophilic comonomers [ 208 ]. Intrinsically conductive polymers (ICPs) exist, e.g., PAC, PPy, PANI, PTh, PPV, PPP, PF and PEDOT: PSS, and their conductivity can be tailored by doping via oxidation or reduction [ 209 , 210 ]. However, todays ICPs are not apt for melt-spinning due to poor stability, tenacity and processability, and reports on melt-spinning are limited to blends of conductive polymers with melt-spinnable polymers [ 209 , 211 , 212 ].…”

Section: Applications and Specialty Melt-spun Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt-Spun Fibers for Textile Applications

et al. 2020

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Textiles have a very long history, but they are far from becoming outdated. They gain new importance in technical applications, and man-made fibers are at the center of this ongoing innovation. The development of high-tech textiles relies on enhancements of fiber raw materials and processing techniques. Today, melt spinning of polymers is the most commonly used method for manufacturing commercial fibers, due to the simplicity of the production line, high spinning velocities, low production cost and environmental friendliness. Topics covered in this review are established and novel polymers, additives and processes used in melt spinning. In addition, fundamental questions regarding fiber morphologies, structure-property relationships, as well as flow and draw instabilities are addressed. Multicomponent melt-spinning, where several functionalities can be combined in one fiber, is also discussed. Finally, textile applications and melt-spun fiber specialties are presented, which emphasize how ongoing research efforts keep the high value of fibers and textiles alive.

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“…In any case, electrical conductivity is an essential part of e-textiles, which is the focus of the review. In recent decades, many techniques have been developed to introduce conductive lines and patterns into textiles [ 7 ]. As the most important success criterion, the conductivity is often reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Functional Ageing of Electrically Conductive and Sensing Textiles: A Review

Biermaier

Bechtold

Pham

2021

Sensors

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Electronic textiles (e-textiles) have become more and more important in daily life and attracted increased attention of the scientific community over the last decade. This interdisciplinary field of interest ranges from material science, over chemistry, physics, electrical engineering, information technology to textile design. Numerous applications can already be found in sports, safety, healthcare, etc. Throughout the life of service, e-textiles undergo several exposures, e.g., mechanical stress, chemical corrosion, etc., that cause aging and functional losses in the materials. The review provides a broad and critical overview on the functional ageing of electronic textiles on different levels from fibres to fabrics. The main objective is to review possible aging mechanisms and elaborate the effect of aging on (electrical) performances of e-textiles. The review also provides an overview on different laboratory methods for the investigation on accelerated functional ageing. Finally, we try to build a model of cumulative fatigue damage theory for modelling the change of e-textile properties in their lifetime.

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Conductive Fibers

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

A Review of Electro Conductive Textiles Utilizing the Dip-Coating Technique: Their Functionality, Durability and Sustainability

A Review of Electro Conductive Textiles Utilizing the Dip-Coating Technique: Their Functionality, Durability and Sustainability

Melt-Spun Fibers for Textile Applications

Towards the Functional Ageing of Electrically Conductive and Sensing Textiles: A Review

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