Conductive Biomaterials as Bioactive Wound Dressing for Wound Healing and Skin Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Conductive biomaterials based on conductive polymers, carbon nanomaterials, or conductive inorganic nanomaterials demonstrate great potential in wound healing and skin tissue engineering, owing to the similar conductivity to human skin, good antioxidant and antibacterial activities, electrically controlled drug delivery, and photothermal effect. However, a review highlights the design and application of conductive biomaterials for wound healing and skin tissue engineering is lacking. In this review, the design and fabrication methods of conductive biomaterials with various structural forms including film, nanofiber, membrane, hydrogel, sponge, foam, and acellular dermal matrix for applications in wound healing and skin tissue engineering and the corresponding mechanism in promoting the healing process were summarized. The approaches that conductive biomaterials realize their great value in healing wounds via three main strategies (electrotherapy, wound dressing, and wound assessment) were reviewed. The application of conductive biomaterials as wound dressing when facing different wounds including acute wound and chronic wound (infected wound and diabetic wound) and for wound monitoring is discussed in detail. The challenges and perspectives in designing and developing multifunctional conductive biomaterials are proposed as well.

Hydrogel adhesives for generalized wound treatment: Design and applications

“…Except suture and other mechanical methods to close skin wound, the combination of gauze and bandage, and band‐aids are the most common skin wound dressings, but their preparation is complicated and does not have a variety of biologically active functions to promote wound healing, and interestingly, it is not difficult to find that they also adhere to the skin wound surface through adhesion. [ 107 ] Therefore, the hydrogel adhesives with simple preparation method, convenient and versatile and self‐adhesive function have become the favorite in the field of skin wound healing, [ 108 ] and we will discuss the unique design principles of skin wound hydrogel adhesives. [ 109 ] First, unlike other wounds that require hydrogel adhesives to have wet adhesion properties, hydrogel adhesives that only have dry adhesion capabilities can also meet the needs of skin wounds.…”

Progress in the Development of Graphene-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regeneration

“…However, due to the elastic and soft nature of the skin, it is on the outermost part of the human body and can easily be damaged by disease or trauma [ 65 ]. Despite the skin’s ability to repair itself, wound care is still necessary to prevent infection and dryness, reduce pain, protect the injured area, speed up the healing process, and avoid scarring, especially for large, open wounds [ 66 ]. It is important to note that infection of the wound can delay healing and even lead to death.…”

Investigation of co‐electrospun gelatin:TiO2/polycaprolactone:silk fibroin scaffolds for wound healing applications

“…These skin problems can affect a patient's quality of life and may even lead to death in severe cases. [3][4][5][6] Accordingly, a suitable solution must be found to repair these skin injuries. The wound healing process has five main steps: Hemostasis, inflammation, migration, proliferation, and remodeling.…”

“…Skin disorders are very common and can be caused by burns, trauma, and different diseases. These skin problems can affect a patient's quality of life and may even lead to death in severe cases 3–6 . Accordingly, a suitable solution must be found to repair these skin injuries.…”