Conducting the emergency team: A novel way to train the team-leader for emergencies

Abstract

IntroductionWorldwide, medical supervisors find it difficult to get students to rise to the occasion when called upon to act as leaders of emergency teams: many residents/rescuers feel unprepared to adopt the leadership role. The challenge is to address the residents very strong emotions caused by the extremely stressful context. No systematic leadership training takes this aspect into account.AimThe overall aim of the course is to investigate whether, in an emergency, a clinical team leader could apply a conductor's leadership skills.BackgroundAn orchestral conductor is a specialist in practicing leadership focusing on non-verbal communication. The conductor works with highly trained specialists and must lead them to cooperate and put his interpretation into effect. The conductor works purposefully in order to appear calm, genuine and gain authority.MethodA conductor and a consultant prepared a course for residents, medical students and nurses, n = 61. Ten × two course days were completed. The exercises were musical and thus safe for the students as there were no clinical skills at stake. The programme aimed to create stress and anxiety in a safe learning environment.ConclusionThe transfer of a conductor's skills improved and profoundly changed the participating students', nurses' and residents' behaviour and introduced a method to handle anxiety and show calmness and authority.PerspectivesIf this course in leadership is to be introduced as a compulsory part of the educating of doctors, the ideal time would be after clinical skills have been acquired, experience gained and routines understood in the clinic.

Music in medical education: A critical interpretive synthesis

“…involving re-creation of classical or popular music, improvisation or songwriting). Professional musicians (including performers, composers, conductors, music academics, music therapists and music teachers) were only occasionally involved in teaching 74,87,[113][114][115] but supported all orchestral programmes as conductors and as soloists. 78,81,97,125 The majority of music programmes/activities (32) were documented descriptively, whereas 11 were evaluated in objectivist studies and nine in interpretivist studies; however, many studies had substantial limitations, with only nine studies (asterisked in Table 1) assessed as meeting JBI quality appraisal criteria.…”

“…Haidet et al, 110 evaluating a four‐week course on jazz improvisation offered to fourth‐year medical students, employed in addition to pre‐ and post‐test student surveys an external measure of student performance and blinded assessors in a controlled experimental study (n = 30), through which they were able to demonstrate a statistically significant increase in students' adaptability and listening abilities. However, while several studies have sought to evaluate the hypothesis that music may support development of skills such as communication, 110,113,123 empathy, 120 leadership 113 and reflection, 93 a pattern of small sample sizes, reliance upon self‐report measures and lack of longitudinal data collection to evaluate whether the use of music has led to sustained outcomes in practice, means that evidence for the efficacy of music to develop skills for clinical practice is thus far considered weak 141–144 …”

Utilizing Chamber Music to Teach Non-Verbal Communication to Medical Students: A Pilot Initiative

“…Music has been used to teach communication skills to teams. Focusing on the unique role of the orchestral conductor as leader, Larsen et al [ 12 ] developed a course in conjunction with an orchestral conductor to teach team leader-training for emergencies. We explicitly chose chamber musicians (who do not utilize a conductor) to teach non-verbal communication skills because chamber musicians share leadership roles.…”

A mechanism of disaster management in Korea: typhoons accompanied by flooding

“…Team-oriented management has been actively advocated, while working on those mechanisms of disaster management (Larsen et al., 2018). Since the impact of local emergency or those of national disaster are quite huge, few individuals or participants may not efficiently deal with its related catastrophes.…”