Conducting Polymers and Their Applications in Diabetes Management

Abstract

Advances in conducting polymers (CPs) have promoted the development of diabetic monitoring and treatment, which is of great significance in human healthcare and modern medicine. CPs are special polymers with physical and electrochemical features resembling metals, inorganic semiconductors and non-conducting polymers. To improve and extend their properties, the fabrication of CPs and CP composites has attracted intensive attention in recent decades. Some CPs are biocompatible and suitable for biomedical use. Thus, the intriguing properties of CPs make wearable, noninvasive, continuous diabetes managing devices and other potential applications in diabetes possible in the near future. To highlight the recent advances of CPs and their derived materials (especially in conducting polymer hydrogels), here we discuss their fabrication and characterization, review the current state-of-the-art research in diabetes management based on these materials and describe current challenges as well as future potential research directions.

Hydrogel Based Biosensors for In Vitro Diagnostics of Biochemicals, Proteins, and Genes

“…For instance, the electron signal is often lost in non‐conducting hydrogels. Therefore, various conducting polymer hydrogels (CPHs) are extensively studied in the development of various electrochemical devices including enzyme‐based electrochemical biosensors . The CPHs combine the unique properties of hydrogels and conductive materials by comprising a conducting polymer network in an aqueous medium.…”

One-pot facile simultaneous in situ synthesis of conductive Ag–polyaniline composites using Keggin and Preyssler-type phosphotungstates

“…Conductive polymers (CPs) are highly conjugated pi-bonded polymers with unique conductivity as a result of their delocalization of electrons. [1][2][3] The extended p-conjugated electron block, existing in CP molecules, originates their low energy optical transitions and high values of electrical conductivity, mechanical exibility and surface areas. Signicant electron affinity and porous structure of CPs extend their applications to useful substances for the incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) in polymers.…”

Properties of conductive polymer hydrogels and their application in sensors

“…Most biosensors detecting human metabolites rely on enzymes, which enable intrinsic selective sensing of different analytes . Since the loss of enzyme and the decrease in the immobilization stability of the enzyme cause the response signal of the biosensor to decay, it is important for the enzyme‐based sensor to maintain the stability of the enzyme immobilization .…”