Conducting Online Behavioral Research Using Crowdsourcing Services in Japan

Majima, Yoshimasa; Nishiyama, Kaoru; Nishihara, Aki; Hata, Ryosuke

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00378

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We chose an online platform to administer the survey to maximize sample size and minimize cost. However, the lack of control over an online platform has led to commonly observed problems that may affect data quality [ 60 , 61 ]. Most research exploring the suitability of the internet for conducting surveys focusses on the use of online labor markets (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) among physical and occupational therapists in the United States

2017

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Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infections cause more children to have permanent disabilities than Down Syndrome, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Spina Bifida, and pediatric HIV/AIDS combined. The risk of infection during pregnancy can be significantly decreased using universal precautions, such as thorough handwashing and cleansing of surfaces and objects that have come into contact with infected body fluids. Children under 3 years of age are commonly asymptomatic excretors of CMV, with the highest viral loads present in saliva. Pediatric therapists have regular close contact with young children, and are thus likely at elevated occupational risk of acquiring CMV. Our objective was to evaluate therapist knowledge of cCMV and its transmission. We recruited American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) and American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) members via electronic newsletters and printed flyers from April to September 2015. Participants completed an online, anonymous 24-question survey using Survey Monkey. We compared responses between groups and previously published CMV awareness data using binomial tests of difference of proportions and multiple logistic regression. Our study identified both a low level of therapist awareness and poor demonstrated understanding of cCMV. Self-reported cCMV awareness amongst therapists was greater than awareness in the general population, and equivalent to awareness amongst health care professionals. Whereas 52% of participants self-reported awareness of cCMV, only 18% demonstrated understanding of the behavioral modes of CMV transmission. Fewer therapists reported awareness of cCMV than other, less prevalent conditions. Higher levels of health risk knowledge were associated with greater contact with children. Most participants reported learning about cCMV from the workplace. The knowledge gaps between self-reported awareness of cCMV and demonstrated understanding of modes of transmission described by our results emphasize the need for additional training of therapists. cCMV is preventable, and accurate knowledge of modes of transmission is crucial for the health of practitioners and clients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) among physical and occupational therapists in the United States

2017

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“…The experiments reported in this study were both performed online, and therefore guaranteed no control over the experimental conditions. However, it has been shown that online surveys typically yield similar results to those of lab studies [75][76][77], while limiting several disadvantages that are typically associated with central location studies.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EmojiGrid as a Tool to Assess Experienced and Perceived Emotions

Toet

Erp

2019

Psych

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In a recent study on food-evoked emotions, we observed that people often misunderstood the currently available affective self-report tools. We, therefore, developed a new intuitive and language-independent self-report instrument called the EmojiGrid: a rectangular response grid labeled with facial icons (emoji) that express different degrees of valence and arousal. We found that participants intuitively and reliably reported their affective appraisal of food by clicking on the EmojiGrid, even without verbal instructions. In this study, we investigated whether the EmojiGrid can also serve as a tool to assess one’s own (experienced) emotions and perceived emotions of others. In the first experiment, participants (N = 90) used the EmojiGrid to report their own emotions, evoked by affective images from a database with corresponding normative ratings (obtained with a 9-point self-assessment mannikin scale). In the second experiment, participants (N = 61) used the EmojiGrid to report the perceived emotional state of persons shown in different affective situations, in pictures from a database with corresponding normative ratings (obtained with a 7-point Likert scale). For both experiments, the affective (valence and arousal) ratings obtained with the EmojiGrid show excellent agreement with the data provided in the literature (intraclass correlations of at least 0.90). Also, the relation between valence and arousal shows the classic U-shape at the group level. Thus, the EmojiGrid appears to be a useful graphical self-report instrument for the assessment of evoked and perceived emotions.

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“…1 Majima et al (2017) found that workers and students were different in terms of demographic status and certain personality traits; however, they demonstrated similar performance on various reasoning tasks. For example, CrowdWorks workers were older, had more extensive work experience, and were less extraverted and agreeable but were more conscientious than students.…”

Section: Crowdwork As a Japanese Participant Pool For Behavioral Stumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Majima, Nishiyama, Nishihara, and Hata (2017) and the present study adopted the same recruitment method; hence, there would be an overlap of participants between two studies. However, we cannot estimate the degree of overlap because we did not track any identity information to keep anonymity of participants.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Feasibility of a Japanese Crowdsourcing Service for Experimental Research in Psychology

Majima

2017

SAGE Open

Self Cite

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Recent studies have empirically validated the data obtained from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Amazon’s Mechanical Turk workers behaved similarly not only in simple surveys but also in tasks used in cognitive behavioral experiments that employ multiple trials and require continuous attention to the task. The present study aimed to extend these findings to data from Japanese crowdsourcing pool in which participants have different ethnic backgrounds from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk workers. In five cognitive experiments, such as the Stroop and Flanker experiments, the reaction times and error rates of Japanese crowdsourcing workers and those of university students were compared and contrasted. The results were consistent with those of previous studies, although the students responded more quickly and poorly than the workers. These findings suggested that the Japanese crowdsourcing sample is another eligible participant pool in behavioral research; however, further investigations are needed to address issues of qualitative differences between student and worker samples.

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Conducting Online Behavioral Research Using Crowdsourcing Services in Japan

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Knowledge of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) among physical and occupational therapists in the United States

Knowledge of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) among physical and occupational therapists in the United States

The EmojiGrid as a Tool to Assess Experienced and Perceived Emotions

The Feasibility of a Japanese Crowdsourcing Service for Experimental Research in Psychology

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