Conducting an Acute Intense Interval Exercise Session During the Ramadan Fasting Month: What Is the Optimal Time of the Day?

Aziz, Abdul Rashid Abdul; Chia, Michael; Low, Chee Yong; Slater, Gary; Png, Weileen; Teh, Kong Chuan

doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.708375

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Therefore, most of the studies on RF conducted in Muslim majority countries used pre-Ramadan (BR) values as control/baseline. A Medline research (performed on the 9th of August 2014) using as keywords ‘RF’ and ‘control group’ found only 12 studies (43–54), all performed on adults, and only five studies (44–47, 53) were exercise physiology. In the future, studies aiming to evaluate the effect of RF on children’s physical activity should try to systematically include a non-fasting control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ramadan on physical capacities of North African boys fasting for the first time

Fenneni

Latiri

Aloui

et al. 2014

Libyan Journal of Medicine

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IntroductionMost of the literature related to the effects of Ramadan fasting on physical performance has focused on adults, and only three studies have examined its impact on children’s physical performance.AimsTo examine the effects of Ramadan fasting on first-time fasting boys’ performance in short-term explosive exercises [vertical and horizontal jump tests (VJT and HJT), 20-m and 30-m sprints and medicine-ball throw (MBT)], as well as in sub-maximal endurance [6-min walking distance (6MWD) measured during the 6-min walk test (6MWT)].MethodsEighteen Tunisian boys [mean±standard deviation (SD) of age and body mass (BM): 11.9±0.8 y and 55.4±18.2 kg, respectively] were included. The experimental design comprised four testing phases: 2-weeks before Ramadan (BR), the end of the second week (R2) and the fourth week (R4) of Ramadan, and 10–12 days after the end of Ramadan (AR). At each phase, boys performed two test sessions in the afternoon (15:00–17:00 h) interrupted by 48 h of recovery (first test session: BM, VJT, HJT, and 20-m and 30-m sprint tests; second session: MBT and 6MWT). The study was conducted during the summer of 2012 from July 5 to August 29.Results6MWDs (m) were significantly shorter during R2 (652±101) and R4 (595±123) compared to BR (697±86) and came back to baseline values AR. BM (kg) mean±SD did not significantly change during R2 (52±15) and during R4 (53±15) compared to BR (55±17), and short-term explosive performances were unchanged throughout the study.ConclusionIn non-athletic children, first-ever Ramadan fasting impairs sub-maximal aerobic capacity but has no effect on BM or short-term explosive performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ramadan on physical capacities of North African boys fasting for the first time

Fenneni

Latiri

Aloui

et al. 2014

Libyan Journal of Medicine

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“…The most studied of the above form of IF is Ramadan fasting: during the holy month of Ramadan, which varies according to the lunar calendar, Muslims abstain from eating or drinking from sunrise to sunset. The effects of Ramadan have been extensively investigated, not only on health outcomes [ 1 , 4 – 8 ], but also on exercise performance [ 9 – 16 ]. Moreover, in recent years a focus on other forms of IF, unrelated to religious practice, has emerged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sports, IF is studied mainly in relationship with Ramadan period [ 9 – 16 ], whilst TRF has become very popular among fitness practitioners claiming supposed effects on maintenance of muscle mass and fat loss. Very limited scientific information is available about TRF and athletes, and mixed results have been reported [ 22 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of eight weeks of time-restricted feeding (16/8) on basal metabolism, maximal strength, body composition, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors in resistance-trained males

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIntermittent fasting (IF) is an increasingly popular dietary approach used for weight loss and overall health. While there is an increasing body of evidence demonstrating beneficial effects of IF on blood lipids and other health outcomes in the overweight and obese, limited data are available about the effect of IF in athletes. Thus, the present study sought to investigate the effects of a modified IF protocol (i.e. time-restricted feeding) during resistance training in healthy resistance-trained males.MethodsThirty-four resistance-trained males were randomly assigned to time-restricted feeding (TRF) or normal diet group (ND). TRF subjects consumed 100 % of their energy needs in an 8-h period of time each day, with their caloric intake divided into three meals consumed at 1 p.m., 4 p.m., and 8 p.m. The remaining 16 h per 24-h period made up the fasting period. Subjects in the ND group consumed 100 % of their energy needs divided into three meals consumed at 8 a.m., 1 p.m., and 8 p.m. Groups were matched for kilocalories consumed and macronutrient distribution (TRF 2826 ± 412.3 kcal/day, carbohydrates 53.2 ± 1.4 %, fat 24.7 ± 3.1 %, protein 22.1 ± 2.6 %, ND 3007 ± 444.7 kcal/day, carbohydrates 54.7 ± 2.2 %, fat 23.9 ± 3.5 %, protein 21.4 ± 1.8). Subjects were tested before and after 8 weeks of the assigned diet and standardized resistance training program. Fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and muscle area of the thigh and arm were measured using an anthropometric system. Total and free testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, blood glucose, insulin, adiponectin, leptin, triiodothyronine, thyroid stimulating hormone, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured. Bench press and leg press maximal strength, resting energy expenditure, and respiratory ratio were also tested.ResultsAfter 8 weeks, the 2 Way ANOVA (Time * Diet interaction) showed a decrease in fat mass in TRF compared to ND (p = 0.0448), while fat-free mass, muscle area of the arm and thigh, and maximal strength were maintained in both groups. Testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 decreased significantly in TRF, with no changes in ND (p = 0.0476; p = 0.0397). Adiponectin increased (p = 0.0000) in TRF while total leptin decreased (p = 0.0001), although not when adjusted for fat mass. Triiodothyronine decreased in TRF, but no significant changes were detected in thyroid-stimulating hormone, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, or triglycerides. Resting energy expenditure was unchanged, but a significant decrease in respiratory ratio was observed in the TRF group.ConclusionsOur results suggest that an intermittent fasting program in which all calories are consumed in an 8-h window each day, in conjunction with resistance training, could improve some health-related biomarkers, decrease fat mass, and maintain muscle mass in resis...

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“…In 8 pencak silat athletes (a form of martial arts practised mainly in Indonesia), Tian et al [30] showed that psychomotor function (processing speed), reaction time, vigilance (visual attention), visual learning and memory, executive function (working memory), and verbal learning and memory were all negatively affected by observance of Ramadan. In another study of 9 pencak silat competitors, Aziz et al [31] reported significant decreases in the time to exhaustion when cycling at 60-80 rev·min -1 against a load equal to 4% of the individual’s body mass, and in the total work performed during six 30-s Wingate tests interspersed with 4-minute rest intervals. These observations were made at 6:00 p.m. (shortly before iftar , or the sundown breaking of the Ramadan fast).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid weight loss in the context of Ramadan observance: recommendations for judokas

et al. 2016

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Judo is a weight-classified combat sport, and many athletes seek to compete at the lightest possible weight category to gain an advantage from competing against shorter/smaller, and supposedly weaker opponents. To achieve a desired weight, most judokas opt for rapid weight loss techniques. Short-duration maximal efforts are not greatly affected by “making weight”, but prolonged and/or repeated exercise is significantly impaired. Negative effects on mood, ratings of perceived exertion, and cognitive function are also reported. Moreover, rapid weight loss reduces maximal cardiac output and glycogen stores, and impairs thermo-regulation. Limited empirical data suggest that Ramadan reduces judokas’ performance, and this is likely to be exacerbated by attempts at rapid weight loss. Weight reduction during Ramadan tends to be counterproductive, and judokas who aim for a lower weight category are advised to attempt any desired reduction of body mass during the weeks leading up to Ramadan, rather than during the holy month.

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Conducting an Acute Intense Interval Exercise Session During the Ramadan Fasting Month: What Is the Optimal Time of the Day?

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of Ramadan on physical capacities of North African boys fasting for the first time

Effects of Ramadan on physical capacities of North African boys fasting for the first time

Effects of eight weeks of time-restricted feeding (16/8) on basal metabolism, maximal strength, body composition, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors in resistance-trained males

Rapid weight loss in the context of Ramadan observance: recommendations for judokas

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