Condução eletrônica e iônica em células eletroquímicas poliméricas emissoras de luz

Abstract

Organic Light-emitting Electrochemical Devices (OLECs) belong to a new important branch in organic optoelectronics due to their great potential to be used as dot-pixels for color displays and also to lighting panels. Differently from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), the technology of OLECs is still in early stages of development. In comparison to OLED technology, OLECs have the advantage in being operated in both voltage polarities (forward or reverse bias), and, in addition, their performance is less dependent on the electrode materials and the device thickness. The active layer of an OLEC comprises a mixture of a conjugated electroluminescent polymer and a polymer electrolyte. Consequently, the electrical transport during the device operation involves a combination of ionic and electronic dynamics and intricate effects at the interfaces with the electrodes. The literature presents so far two different approaches to describe the transport phenomenon in the OLECs. The electrodynamic model, which combines ionic charge separation with electronic diffusionlimited process, and the electrochemical doping model that consider an electrochemical doping of the conjugated polymer, giving and the formation of a p-in junction in the active layer. Using current decay under an applied voltage measurements and impedance/admittance spectroscopy, we investigate charge carrier transport in an OLEC having as active layer a mixture of poly [(9, 9-dioctyl-2, 7-divinileno-fluorenileno)-alt-co-{2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene}] (PFGE), with poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) complexed with lithium triflate (TriLi), in the proportion 1:1:X, where X was 0.10, 0.05, 0.01, 0.00. We have obtained important results related to ionic and electronic effect during this operation PLEC. This measurements of transient current and impedance showed that ionic movement aids the process of electron injection. Another relevant fact is that the performance of PLEC is dependent on the formation of ionic double layer having thickness below 10 nm. The formation of this double layers is highly dependent on the ionic conduction, which in turn will depend on the amount of ions. The ionic mobility is influenced by factors such as salt concentration and temperature of the device. The measurements show that PLECS with 2.5 and 5% salt concentration had the best perform.