Condon-domain phase diagram and hysteresis size for beryllium

Abstract

The Condon domain phase diagram for beryllium is determined in magnetic fields up to 10 T and at temperatures down to 1.3 K using a standard ac pick-up coil method to measure the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect. The detection of the transition point from the homogeneous state to the Condon domain state (CDS) is based on the extremely non-linear response to the modulation field resulting from a small irreversibility in the dHvA magnetization. The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions calculated from the Fermi surface (FS) of beryllium. The width hm of the hysteresis loop in the CDS is measured in a wide temperature and field region. A model for the hysteresis size is proposed and numerically calculated for the whole phase diagram.

Diamagnetic domains and nonlinear electromagnetic waves in normal metals (review)

“…55 The major results were obtained through measuring the imaginary part of the first harmonic of the response, whose amplitude increases sharply on crossing the phase boundary. 55 The major results were obtained through measuring the imaginary part of the first harmonic of the response, whose amplitude increases sharply on crossing the phase boundary.…”